Term
| Protons: location in atom, mass, and charge |
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Definition
location: nucleus
mass: 1
charge: positive |
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Term
| Neutrons: location in atom, mass, and charge |
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Definition
location: nucleus
mass: 1
charge: neutral |
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Term
| Electrons: location in atom, mass, and charge |
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Definition
location: orbital(s)
mass: 1/1840, or 0
charge: negative |
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Term
| What are the three subatomic particles? |
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Definition
| protons, neutrons, electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| the outermost electrons of an atom |
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Term
| How many electrons can each orbital hold? |
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Definition
| The innermost, 2, all others, 8 |
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Term
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Definition
| an atom which has a complete set of valence electrons in its outermost orbital |
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Term
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Definition
| two atoms that have the same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons and mass number |
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Term
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Definition
| two or more elements combined |
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Term
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Definition
| formed by a transfer of electrons from one atom to another [image] |
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Term
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Definition
formed by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms; used to form most compounds
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| share 1 electron pair, or 2 electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| share 2 electron pairs, or 4 electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| a molecule whose atoms do not share the electrons equally, giving some partially positive and others partially negative charges |
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Term
| properties of water, a polar molecule |
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Definition
cohesion: stick together because of polarity
adhesion: stick to other things
"universal solvent" - dissolves things effectively
has a neutral pH of 7 |
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Term
| elements, building blocks, polymers, types, and functions of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids |
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Definition
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Macromolecule
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Elements
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Building Block
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Polymer
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Types
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Functions
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Carbohydrates
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C, H, O
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Monosaccharide
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Polysaccharide
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Glycogen, plant starch, cellulose
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Energy
(4 cal./g)
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Lipids
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C, H
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3 fatty acids and glycerol
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Triglyceride
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Saturated, unsaturated, trans
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Energy (9 cal./g), biological membranes, steroids
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Proteins
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C, H, O, N
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Amino acids
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Protein
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Pigments, collagen, antibodies, many more
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Physical charateristics, enzymes, transporting O, immune system, muscle contraction, structural
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Nucleic Acids
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C, H, O, N, P
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Phosphate, sugar, base: nucleotides
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Nucleic acids
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DNA, RNA
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Hereditary/genetic information
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Term
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Definition
| the smallest carbohydrates: glucos, lactos, fructos |
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Term
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Definition
| the usable form of energy for the body, aka blood sugar |
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Term
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Definition
| made of two monosaccharides linked together: sucrose (table sugar) |
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Term
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Definition
| several monosaccharides linked together, used for energy storage and plant structure |
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Term
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Definition
| what plants store their energy as |
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Term
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Definition
| "animal starch," how energy is stored in animals |
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Term
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Definition
| fiber, gives plants their structure |
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Term
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Definition
| lipid which has the maximum number of hydrogen bonds; solid at room temperature; found in meats, dairy, and cheese |
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Term
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Definition
| has at least one double covalent bond, liquid at room temp, found in fish, olive oil, canola oil |
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Term
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Definition
| aka hydrogenated oil, manmade from unsaturated fatty acids, has a similar structure as plastic |
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Term
C + O + O ---> CO2
identify products and reactants |
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Definition
product: CO2
reactants: C, O |
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