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Biochemistry
Flashcards for the 12-14 Moving Beyond the Page Unit
32
Biochemistry
7th Grade
01/04/2023

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Term
autotroph
Definition
An organism that is capable of making nutrients from inorganic materials; these include green plants that make carbohydrates through the process of photosynthesis.
Term
allotrope
Definition
The different forms in which a chemical element occurs, each differing in physical properties.
Term
covalent bond
Definition
A chemical bond in which the attractive force between atoms is created by the sharing of electrons.
Term
heterotroph
Definition
An organism that cannot make its own food and instead relies on the consumption of other animals or plants.
Term
organic compound
Definition
A substance that contains carbon and is often derived from living things.
Term
biochemistry
Definition
The scientific study of the chemical substances, processes, and reaction that occur in living organisms.
Term
photosynthesis
Definition
The process in which light energy is used to produce chemical energy.
Term
amino acids
Definition
The building blocks of proteins, must be obtained by the diet or synthesized by the body.
Term
biomolecules
Definition
Molecules from which living things are made. They are important to the survival and functioning of organisms.
Term
carbohydrates
Definition
Biomolecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They are an important source of food and energy.
Term
lipids
Definition
Biomolecules that are not soluble in water. They include waxes, oils, cholesterol, and triglycerides.
Term
nucleic acids
Definition
Biomolecules that are found in all living cells that transport genetic information.
Term
proteins
Definition
Biomolecules that are composed of amino acids and are essential to the structure and function of all living cells.
Term
feedback
Definition
A system of responses to disturbances within a biological system.
Term
equilibrium
Definition
A state in which biological processes are in balance.
Term
homeostasis
Definition
The process or mechanisms that systems in an organism use to maintain stability and resist change.
Term
stability
Definition
The ability of an organism to resist change or to return to its original state after a disturbance.
Term
hunger
Definition
A feeling of weakness or lack of energy caused by lowered blood sugar levels.
Term
fever
Definition
The raising of the body's temperature to assist white blood cells in fighting off a pathogen.
Term
disease
Definition
A condition that affects human function; it results in medical symptoms.
Term
host cell
Definition
A cell invaded by a virus.
Term
immunity
Definition
The ability of an organism to resist disease.
Term
inoculation
Definition
An injection of a substance that can stimulate the body's production of specific disease-fighting cells.
Term
lymphatic system
Definition
A system that fights infection by filtering germs out of tissue and transporting white blood cells.
Term
pathogens
Definition
Agents that can cause disease; examples include bacteria and viruses.
Term
virus
Definition
A very small particle of nucleic acid surrounded by protein; they can replicate only inside a host cell.
Term
parasitic
Definition
An organism that is living in or on another organism.
Term
allergens
Definition
Substances that cause an allergic reaction.
Term
autoimmune disorder
Definition
A disorder in which the body attacks its own cells and tissue.
Term
epidemiology
Definition
The study of diseases that affect a large number of people to find the cause of the disease and track how it spreads.
Term
idiopathic
Definition
A disease or disorder that has no known cause.
Term
immunodeficiency
Definition
A condition where the body's immune system is damaged or not functioning.
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