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Biochemistry - Compounds of Life Notes
Biochemistry Notes
34
Biochemistry
9th Grade
10/12/2011

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Term
What is the main characteristic of inorganic substances?
Definition
It contains no Carbon
Term
What is the main characteristic of organic substances?
Definition
They contain carbon
Term
What is the one inorganic substance that contains carbon?
Definition
CO2
Term
What is a macromolecule?
Definition
They are giant molecules that are made from thousands or even hundred thousands of smaller molecules.
Term
What are bonds?
Definition
The straight lines between the atoms in each molecule.
Term
What is a single bond?
Definition
When there is only one straight line between atoms.
Term
What is a double bond
Definition
When there are two straight lines between atoms
Term
What is an atom?
Definition
The basic unit of matter
Term
What 3 subatomic particles make up atoms.
Definition
protons, electron, and neutrons
Term
What is the nucleus composed of?
Definition
Protons, Electrons, and Neutrons
Term
Protons are _________ Charged
Definition
positively
Term
Neutrons are _________________ charged
Definition
No Charge, Neutral
Term
Electrons are______________ Charged.
Definition
negatively
Term
Protons and neutrons have the same_______
Definition
mass
Term
How are the atoms in compounds held togather/
Definition
Chemical Bonds
Term
What are the main types of chemical bonds?
Definition
Ionic and Covalent
Term
What is an Ionic Bond?
Definition
A bond formed when one or more electron is transferred from one atom to another
Term
Atoms that loses electrons have a _________ charge
Definition
Positive
Term
An Atom that gains an electron has a ______ charge.
Definition
Negative
Term
What are Ions?
Definition
positively or negatively charged atoms
Term
What is a Covalent Bond?
Definition
Formed when electrons are shared between atoms.
Term
What are the four major groups of Organic Molecules?
Definition
Carbohydrates, Lipids,Proteins, Nucleic acids
Term
Organic molecules are also referred to as _______.
Definition
biomolecules.
Term
Carbohydrates are compounds that are made up of what type of atoms?
Definition
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
Term
What is the major function carbohydrates?
Definition
Energy
Term
What are examples of carbohydrates?
Definition
Starches and Sugars
Term
Sugars provide_________energy.
Definition
Quick
Term
Complex carbohydrates that store extra sugar
Definition
Starches
Term
The process by which large macromolecules are formed by joining smaller ones is called___________.
Definition
Polymerization
Term
what are monomers?
Definition
is an atom or a small molecule that may bind chemically to other monomers to form a polymer
Term
What is a polymer?
Definition
A macromolecules formed when many monomers bond togather.
Term
What is a monosaccharide?
Definition
A simple sugar molecules
Term
What are some examples of simple sugars
Definition
glucose, galactose,fructose
Term
What are polysaccharides?
Definition
Large macromolecules formed from monosaccharides.
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