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| primary transcript contituent, contains exons, complement of dna template strand |
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| impaired protein synthesis |
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| hydrolysis of PPI to 2 pi |
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| change of G becomes more negative |
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| reaction goes to teh right |
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| Mitochondrial phosphorylaion |
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uncoupling from oxidation=
-results in heat produciton
produced by transmembrane H+ carriers
ATP synthesis rate decreased |
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on surface: factors leading up to:
-action of bacterial enzyme
-decrease in total charge on the protein
-enzymatic removal of negatively charged sialate side chains
-decreasing affinity for water |
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>1000 monosaccharide units
polyanion
hydrophillic
contains amino sugars |
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type a has antibodies to type b antigen
oligosaccaride linked to portein or lipid
cell surface location
binding site for fibronectin |
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| Sequence of Protein binding |
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Definition
Inside cell to extracellular matrix=
actin-->integrin-->fibronectin |
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| contains DNA binding recognition helix |
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| DNA double helix stability |
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Definition
1. base stacking
2. interstrand hydrogen bonds
3. hydrophobic interactions
4. cooperativity |
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| allosteric regulatory site |
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| where trna anticodon binds an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase |
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| moves ribosome along mrna |
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| binds stop codon to trigger termination of protein synthesis |
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| hydrolyzes gtp when codon matches anticodon |
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| binds ribosome 30S subunit |
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| ensure correct aa-trna binding to A-site |
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-increasd cAMP
-DNA major groove binding
-enhanced rna polymerase binding to dna
-increased expression of selected genes |
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| heat to separate strands of dsDNA |
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What you need to clone cDNA from cell:
-polymerase chain rxn (PCR)
=reverse transcriptaste
-dna polmerase
phage infection
sequence of production:
1. isolation of mRNA
2. reverse transcriptase synthesis of DNA
3. Dna polymerase synthesis of DNA |
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| to substarte you need non polar and h bonding NCIs |
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| catalytic triad of chymotrypsin |
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| contains one or more side chain H bond donors and side chain H bond acceptors |
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| 1 H bond donor and 2 H bond acceptors total of 3 h bonds |
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ferrous iron
mostly planar
has 2 anionic functional groups
binding to protein includes coordinate covalent bond |
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| cooperative binding of O2 to Hb |
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Definition
characteristics:
1. changes in quaternary structure
2. conversion of Hbt to Hbr
3. degree of cooperativity>2
4. S shaped O2 binding |
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| involved with protein synthesis |
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| amino acyl tRNA synthetase |
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Definition
| amino acids, anticodons, and CCA end of tRNA |
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| CAP protein binds DNA and RNA polymerase |
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| Ribosome least like to be part of virus |
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| reads dna template strand in 3'-5' direction |
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| EF-tu (gtp) amino acyl tRNA |
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| catalytic mechanism chymotrypsin/ CPA |
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Definition
| both have transition state stabilization of negative charge on an oxygen atom |
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