Term
| what steroids does the adrenal cortex release |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stimulates renal absorption of Na and excretion of K |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increases gluconeogenesis, anti inflammatory, protein breakdown in muscle |
|
|
Term
| what steroids does the ovary release |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| controls menstural cycle, promotes development of female secondary sex characteristics, |
|
|
Term
| what does progesterone do |
|
Definition
| secretory phase of uterus and mammary glands, implantation and maturation of fertilized ovum |
|
|
Term
| what does testoestrone do |
|
Definition
| stimulate spermatogenesis, promotes development of male secondary sex characteristics, promotes anabolism, masculinization of the fetus |
|
|
Term
| what does too much cortisol cause |
|
Definition
| cushing syndrome, hyperglycemia, central obesity, moon facies, weakness fatigability |
|
|
Term
| what does too littel cortisol do |
|
Definition
| fasting hypoglycemia, its absence is normal mostly. its absence usually means aldosterone is absent and that is what really causes the problems |
|
|
Term
| what does too much aldosterone cause |
|
Definition
| increased Na, decreased K, increased water retention and hypertension |
|
|
Term
| what does too little aldosterone cause |
|
Definition
| decreased Na, increased K, large Na loss in urine, hypotension |
|
|
Term
| what does too much testosterone cause |
|
Definition
| masculinization of females, early sexual development in males |
|
|
Term
| what does too little testosterone cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does too much estrogen cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does too little estrogen cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the general reason for what are the congenital adrenal hyperplasies |
|
Definition
| 3-B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency, 17-a-hydroxylase deficiency, 21-a-hydroxylase deficiency |
|
|
Term
| what is the common symptom in all the congenital adrenal hyperplasies |
|
Definition
| hyperplasia of the adrenal gland |
|
|
Term
| what does hyperplasia mean |
|
Definition
| increased size and cell number |
|
|
Term
| why does hyperplasia occur |
|
Definition
| to try and make up for missing hormones |
|
|
Term
| where does the blockage occur in 3-B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency, what does this cause |
|
Definition
| begining of the pathway, no alternate route for intermediates leading to an absence of all steroid hormones |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of 3-B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency |
|
Definition
| salt in urine, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypotension, feminization of males |
|
|
Term
| where is the blockage in a 17-a-hydroxylase deficiency |
|
Definition
| in production of androgens and cortisol |
|
|
Term
| what happens to intermediates in a 17-a-hydroxylase deficiency |
|
Definition
| forced through pathway leading to overproduction of aldosterone |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of 17-a-hydroxylase deficiency |
|
Definition
| femilization of males, hypernatermia, hypokalemia, hypertension |
|
|
Term
| where is the blockage in a 21-a-hydroxylase deficiency, what does this do to intermediates |
|
Definition
| production of cortisol and aldosterone, force them to become androgens |
|
|
Term
| what is the most common congenital adrenal hyperplasia |
|
Definition
| 21-a-hydroxylase deficiency |
|
|
Term
| what are the symptoms of 21-a-hydroxylase deficiency |
|
Definition
| hyponatermia, hyperkalemia, hypotension (salt wasting), vitilization of females, early sexual development of males due to increased andrgens |
|
|
Term
| what does the range of 21-a-hydroxylase deficiency depend on |
|
Definition
| residual activity of the enzyme |
|
|
Term
| what is the range of symptoms of 21-a-hydroxylase deficiency |
|
Definition
| normal, infertility only, to classic symptoms |
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