Term
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Definition
| accumulation of body fat, genetic tendency to store extra calories |
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|
Term
| what is hte cause of obesity |
|
Definition
| sedentary life style, tasty high calory food increases intake |
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|
Term
| what does being obease increase the risk of |
|
Definition
| arthritis, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension |
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Term
|
Definition
| indirect measurement of body far |
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|
Term
| what causes BMI to be inaccurate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does waist measurement show |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does waist measurement correlate with |
|
Definition
| morbidity and mortality risk |
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|
Term
| what type of fat distribution indicates higher risk |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| apple shape or upper body obesity |
|
|
Term
| what occurs in the body when someone has android fat distribution |
|
Definition
| higher risk of metabolic disease, metabolically active, high, lipolysis |
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Term
|
Definition
| pear shape lower body obesity |
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|
Term
| what occurs in the body when someone has gynoid fat distribution |
|
Definition
| larger cells with slower FA metabolism and more efficient |
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Term
|
Definition
| omental and mesenteric area around digestive tract |
|
|
Term
| what happes to visceral fat |
|
Definition
| FA release go to portal vein and to liver |
|
|
Term
| what effects does released visceral fat have on the body |
|
Definition
| insulin resistance and TAG synthesis, TAG release as VLDL, hypertriglycerdimea |
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Term
|
Definition
| abdominal or gliteal femoral |
|
|
Term
| in what location is a majority of fat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what happens to free FA release from subcutaneous fat |
|
Definition
| goes into circulation to the muscle and is oxidized so less fat goes to the liver |
|
|
Term
| how does fat function in the endocrine system |
|
Definition
| secretes hormones to regulate appetite and metabolism (leptin), secretes adiponectin |
|
|
Term
| what type of molecule is adiponectin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reduces feww FA, improves lipid profile and glycemic control, reduces inflammation |
|
|
Term
| how are mature adipocytes made |
|
Definition
| pre-adipocytes proliferate and differentiate |
|
|
Term
| how can adipocytes themselves contribute to obesity |
|
Definition
| they increase in size and number causes it, if emptied they can influce appetite to refil. they need to be removed |
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Term
|
Definition
| excess fat stored in the liver |
|
|
Term
| what effect does eptopic fat cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| describe why we use a settling point and what it shows |
|
Definition
| we use it because a set point could not describe the changes in weight. settling point allows for drift around the point due to enivormental and biological changes |
|
|
Term
| what evidence suggests the obesity is a genetically driven disease |
|
Definition
| adpoted children correlate with biological parents, identical twins have smiliar BMI, dyzgotic twins dont |
|
|
Term
| what happens if leptin or its receptor are mutated |
|
Definition
| hyperphagia which leads to an increased appetite and extreme obesity |
|
|
Term
| why cant appetite hormones regulate obesity |
|
Definition
| because once obease, one becomes insensitive to them |
|
|
Term
| why is there a recent obesity epidemic |
|
Definition
| can't be explained by genetics, its for enivormnetal reasons, not all people in the same enivornment have it |
|
|
Term
| what enivormental reasons contribute to the recent obesity epidemic |
|
Definition
| tasty energy dense foods, sedentary life styles, snacking, portion size, number of people we dine with |
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|
Term
| what are the long term signalers of satiation |
|
Definition
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