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| How do viruses differentiate from living beings? |
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Definition
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Term
| definition of biochemistry |
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Definition
| The study of the structures, functions and reactions of the molecules of living systems or processes. |
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Definition
| anaerobic, aerobic, chemotrophic, phototrophic |
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Definition
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Definition
| lithotrophs, organotrophs |
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Term
| Main types of biomolecules |
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Definition
| carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, minerals, water, lipids |
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Term
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Definition
| organic (CHNOPS), based on simple hydrocarbons, various functional groups, often polymeric |
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Term
| What is a functional group? |
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Definition
| A “functional group” is essentially a specific arrangement of a group of atoms in a molecule that confer special chemical properties or reactivities to that molecule. |
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Definition
| nucleophilic substitution, addition, elimination, isomerization, RedOx |
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Definition
| Reactions that result in the formation of double bonds via removal of nearby atoms or groups (often involving H+ and –OH to form H2O). |
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Definition
Reactions where two molecules combine to form a single product (often the reverse of elimination).
Addition reactions typically involve cpds. With multiple (double/triple) bonds, including –C=C- and –C=O. |
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Definition
| Reactions that involve the intramolecular shift or rearrangement of atoms or groups within a molecule. (No net formula change) |
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Definition
Reactions involving the transfer of electrons from one molecule to another.
*Always occurs in pairs* |
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Definition
a molecule loses electrons.
a molecule loses hydrogen.
a molecule gains oxygen. |
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Definition
a molecule gains electrons.
a molecule gains hydrogen.
a molecule loses oxygen. |
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Definition
the sum of all enzyme-catalyzed reactions in a living organism
*consists of catabolism and anabolism |
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Term
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Definition
| Prokaryotic and eukaryotic |
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Term
| Rough endoplasmic reticulum |
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Definition
| contains attached ribosomes |
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Term
| smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
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Definition
| lacks attached ribosomes, stores calcium |
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Definition
site of packaging and distribution
Cis face is input from ER
Trans face is output to cell |
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Definition
Separates DNA replication from
transcription to regulate gene expression |
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Definition
| Site of rRNA sythesis, ribosome assembly |
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Definition
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Definition
| Site for aerobic metabolism, O2 dependent generation of ATP, Key regulator of apoptosis |
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