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Definition
- Nervous Tiss: Neurons & Glia
- Neuron Cell:
-Cell Body: Necleus, dentries, axon
-Schwann Cells: Myelin sheath & node of ranvier
-Axon terminals |
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Term
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Definition
The membrane potential is a function of two things: -The equilibrium potential of all the ions -The permeability of the membrane to each ion whether ion channels are open or closed
***Because graded potential decay as they spread, cells needs way to boost signal along the way action pot. Are sudden spikes in mem. Pot. Wave of NA+ channels opening
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Term
Graded and action Potentials |
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Definition
Graded potentials -Relatively small changes -Variable in size -Degrade with time and distance (pebble in the water example)
Action Potentials -Large spikes in membrane potential (100mV!) -Can travel far distances
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Term
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Definition
-The synapse is the point of communication between two neurons that operate sequentially.
-Diversity in synaptic form allows the nervous system to achieve diversity and flexibility. |
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Term
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Definition
Biogenic amines: Histamine, Serotonin Catecholamine: Dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine -Acetylcholine -Amino acids Glutamate (excitatory), GABA (inhibitory) Glycine Aspartate -Neuropeptides [image]Gases: carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide [image]Purines: adenosine, ATP |
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Definition
Voluntary command: Move! --> Skeletal mus. contraction |
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Term
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Definition
-Invoulntary movement
-Parasympathetic: Involuntrary command: rest & digest -->heart, smooth mus., many invoulntary "targets"
-Sympathetic: Invol command: Emergency! --> target cells |
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Term
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Definition
[image]Specialized cells that are dedicated to receiving and transmitting chemical and electrical signals
[image]Responsible for regulating other cells, for thinking, and memory |
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Term
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Definition
Astrocytes: help regulate extracellular media surrounding neurons, provide glucose and remove ammonia, developmental scaffold Microglia: immune cells of nervous system, act like macrophage: eat bacteria and viruses Ependyma: line the cavities of the nervous system and regulate cerebrospinal fluid Oligodendrocytes/schwann cells: make myelin |
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Definition
[image]Glial cells support, maintain, interact with, and protect nerve cells. [image]Can indirectly affect signaling between neurons |
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Term
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Definition
- Can activate or inhibit
- Agonist: Activate receptors
- Antagonist: Inhibit receptos |
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Term
Key difference between many neurotransmitters and neuropeptides |
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Definition
[image]Most neurotransmitters are synthesized locally [image]Non-protein transmitters are quick acting and don’t diffuse very far [image]Neuropeptides are made in the cell body and transported to axon terminals [image]Neuropeptides can be stable and long-lasting [image]Neuropeptides can act far away from source
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