How is a leaf adapted to carry out Photosynthesis?

(6 Marks, 9 Answers)

.Large Surface Area to collect Sunlight.

.Arrangement of leaves prevent overlapping and shadowing othe leaves.

.Thin to keep diffusion distance short.

.Transparent Cutice that allows light through to the photosynthetic mesophyll cells.

.Long, narrow upper mesophyll cells packed with chloroplasts that collect Sunlight.

.Numerous Stomata for efficient gas exchange.

.Stomata that open and close depending on the light intensity.

Air spaces in the lower mesophyll layer to alloww diffusion of Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen.

.Xylem network bringing water to leaf cells along with phloem that carries away the sugars produced in Photosynthesis.

One Mark Each

What are the 3 main stages of Photosynthesis? 

(3 Marks, 3 Answers)

1. Capturing of Light Energy.

2.The Light-Dependent Reaction.

3. The Light-Indpendent Reaction.

In the Light Dependent reaction of Photosynthesis, light energy generates ATP. Explain how.

(5 marks, 5 Answers)

1.Light Energy excites electrons in the chlorophyll to a point of emission.

2.Electrons pass down electron transfer chain.

3.Electrons reduce carriers. (Oxidisation/Reduction Reaction)

4.Energy released by carriers at decreasing energy levels.

5. ATP generated from ADP and Phosphate.

In the Light Independent Reaction of Photosynthesis, the Carbon in Carbon Dioxide becomes Carbon in Triose Phosphate. Describe how.

(5 marks, 5 Answers)

1. Carbon Dioxide combines with Ribulose Bisphosphate.

2.Breaks down into two molecules of Glycerate 3-Phosphate.

3.Is then reduced to Triose Phosphate.

4. Using electrons from reduced NADP.

5.And energy from ATP.

Name 2 ways in which the chloroplast is adapted to carrying out the Light Independent Reaction of Photosynthesis.

(2 Marks, 3 Answers)

.The fluid of the stroma contains the enzymes needed to reduce Carbon Dioxide.

.The stroma fluid surrounds the grana so the products of the light dependent reaction in the grana can readily diffuse into the stroma.

. It contains both DNA and ribosomes allowing it to quickly and easily manufacture the proteins needed for Photosynthesis.

What is meant by the term 'Limiting Factor'?

2 Marks, 1 Answer (Explained)

At any given moment the rate of a physiological process is limited by the factor that is at its least favourable value.

(1 mark). Least favourable value

(1 Mark). Rate of a (Named Process)