Term
| In unicellular organisms, the process of cell division leads to _____________________. |
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Definition
| the formation of a new organism |
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Term
| In multicellular organisms, cell division is used for _________________________. |
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Definition
| growth, development, and repair of the organism |
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Term
| In growth, cell division allows for organisms to develop from ________________, and continue to grow through _________________. |
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Definition
| single cells, successive cell divisions |
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Term
| Once fully grown, a multicellular organism can continue to function through ______________ and ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Through which process do bacteria reproduce? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three basic steps of cell division? |
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Definition
- DNA Duplication (Replication of chromosomal content)
- DNA Separation (Chromosome Separation)
- Cytokinesis (Division of Cytoplasm)
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Term
| What are the steps of eukaryotic cell division? |
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Definition
| Eukaryotic cells undergo the same steps during division as prokaryotic cells (see previous card). |
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Term
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Definition
| Cell Division, Results in the production of two daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent nucleus. |
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Term
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Definition
| This describes the life of a cell from the time that it is first formed from a dividing parent until its own division into two daughter cells. |
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Term
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Definition
Resuls in the production of two daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent nucleus
(it's really just another word for cell division ok) |
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Term
| What are the three stages of the cell cycle? |
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Definition
| Interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis |
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Term
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Definition
- Stage following cell division
- Longest stage of the cell cycle
- Not yet actively dividing, but not considered at rest
- A cell that is about to divide grows and copies its chromosomes (also known as chromatin) in preparation for cell division
- Chromosomes exist in a highly uncoiled state and thus difficult to visualize when stained, and appear as a hazy mass in the center of the cell
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Term
| What are the three substages of interphase? |
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Definition
- G1 (First gap)
- S (Synthesis)
- G2 (Second gap)
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Term
| Stages of the Cell Cycle (Visual) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The cell approximately doubles in size and its enzymes and organelles double in number. Late in this stage, a checkpoint determines whether cells are ready to continue and divide. |
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Term
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Definition
| If a cell does not proceed to the "S" stage to continue to cell division, it exits the cell cycle and goes into a "nondividing" state known as G0. Most cells of a multicellular organism are in G0. They do not have to divide but are instead performing daily cellular functions. |
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Term
| In order to pass the checkpoint, a cell must _________________________. |
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Definition
| reach a certain cell size |
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Term
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Definition
| Enzymes that fluctuate in concentration throughout the cell cycle and play a role in regulating when a cell will proceed into the next phase of the cell cycle |
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Term
| Kinases regulate cell activity by __________________________. |
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Definition
| phosphorylating specific proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| Regulatory proteins that can regulate protein kinases in the cell |
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Term
| A protein kinase that is regulated by cyclins is known as a ____________________ |
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Definition
| cylin-dependent kinase (Cdk) |
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Term
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Definition
| Stage of the cell cycle where chromosomes replicate (DNA replication). |
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Term
| What must happen before cell division occurs? |
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Definition
| The cell has to replicate the chromosomes so each daughter cell can have a set. |
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Term
| _______________ condenses to form chromosomes during cell division. |
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Definition
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Term
| When chromosomes are replicated and getting ready to divide, they consist of two, identical halves called _____________________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sister chromatids are joined by a central region, called the _________________. |
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Definition
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