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| The sinuses are air-filled cavities within skull bones that open into the nasal cavity. The sinuses function to decrease the weight of the skull and act as resonating chambers during sound production. (sinus = chamber within bone) |
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| The axial skeleton consists of all the bones along the central axis of the body including: skull, auditory ossicles, hyoid bone, veterbral column and thoracic cage. |
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Parietal Bones
(puh-rahy-i-tl) |
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| 2 large bones forming most of the superior and lateral aspects of the cranium. |
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| Difference in concentration |
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| Movement of molecules from higher to lower concentration |
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| The diffusion of solute particles dissolved in water through a selectively permeable membrane. |
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| The diffusion of water through a differentially permeable membrane. |
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| Passive transport process used by certain large or charged molecules that cannot pass without a transport carrier. |
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molecular weight cutoff
the molecular weight of a solute is the number of grams per mole. |
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| Membrane transport process that requires energy(ATP). Solutes move across their concentration gradient. |
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| carrier proteins that help with active transport for solutes that are lipid soluble or too big to pass through the membrane (include amino acids and some sugars) |
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| Na+ -K+ pump (sodium potassium pump) |
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| coupled/ active transport) 3 Na+ ions are ejected from cell for every 2 K+ ions entering the cell |
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| (active transport pumps)solutes are moved in the same direction |
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| (active transport pumps) solutes are moved in opposite directions |
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| The force that would need to be applied to oppose the osmosis in a closed system. Measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) |
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| pressure of fluid in a system |
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| passage of a solvent and dissolved substances through a membrane or filter |
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| Divides the body into left and right parts |
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| Divides the body into equal right and left parts |
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| Divides the body into anterior and posterior parts |
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| Divides the body into superior and inferior parts |
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| Closer to the point of attachment |
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| Away from the point of attachment |
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| Closer to the surface of the body |
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| Pertaining to the head,neck, and trunk |
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| A molecule made up up of of a phosphate head and a lipid tail; The main component of the cell membrane. |
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| A transmembrane protein, embedded in the cell membrane, that changes shape when when bound to a ligand. |
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| A molecule that can bind to a receptor, causing it to change shape. |
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| Bulk transport of materials from the extracellular fluid into vesicles in the cell. Requires ATP |
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| Movement of water across a cell membrane. May use aquaporins (specialized transport proteins). |
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| Movement of materials across a cell membrane down the concentration gradient. Does not require ATP. Does not require a transport protein. |
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| Bulk transport of materials from vesicles in the cell to the extracellular fluid. Requires ATP. |
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| Movement of materials across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient. Requires ATP. Requires transport protein. |
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| Movement of materials across a cell membrane down the concentration gradient. Does not require ATP. Requires a transport protein. |
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| The primary energy molecule used by living organism. |
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| smooth rounded articular process |
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| separate into right and left halves |
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