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BIO168 Integumentary System
cells & tissues
34
Biology
Undergraduate 1
09/20/2008

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Term
stratum basale
Definition
Layer of epidermis where there is the most rapid cell division
Term
stratum corneum
Definition
Tough, water-repellant epidermal layer; contains dead squamous-shaped cells
Term
papillary region of dermis
Definition
Areolar connective tissue layer beneath basement membrane
Term
dermal papillae
Definition
Projections of dermis that cause epidermal ridges
Term
stratum lucidum
Definition
Translucent layer found in thick skin; absent in thin skin
Term
stratum spinosum
Definition
Appears to have thornlike projections in prepared slides
Term
reticular layer
Definition
Thick dermal layer containing dense, irregular connective tissue
Term
stratum granulosum
Definition
Epidermal layer containing visible granules
Term
Langerhans cells
Definition
Epidermal cells that defend against microbes
Term
keratinocytes
Definition
epidermal cells that produce keratin
Term
melanocytes
Definition
epidermal cells that produce the pigment melanin which shields cell nuclei from UV radiation
Term
Merkel cells
Definition
Epidermal cells associated with sensory neurons and functions in sensation of touch
Term
appocrine glands
Definition
Sudoriferous glands located in axillary and genital areas; become active after puberty
Term
papilla
Definition
Connective tissue projection; provides blood supply for hair matrix
Term
nail matrix
Definition
secures nail to digit
Term
hair follicle
Definition
Epithelial layer that surrounds hair root
Term
sebaceous gland
Definition
secretes sebum onto hair and skin
Term
nail body
Definition
part of nail that overlies nail bed
Term
free edge
Definition
part of nail that extends beyond digit
Term
hair bulb
Definition
part of hair that contains the matrix and the papilla
Term
eccrine glands
Definition
sudoriferous glands that deposit sweat onto epidermal ridges causing fingerprints
Term
hair shaft
Definition
part of hair in epidermis and extending beyond the skin
Term
arrector pili muscle
Definition
moves hair shaft perpendicular to skin; causes goosebumps
Term
eponychium
Definition
Thickend epithelial tissue at proximal end of nail body
Term
lunula
Definition
crescent-shaped area of nail body near cuticle
Term
hair root
Definition
part of hair within dermis
Term
nail root
Definition
part of nail within skin
Term
Location & Function of
SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Definition
locations: kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, heart lining, blood vessels & lymphatic vessels, lining of ventral body cavity
Function: diffusion & filtration, secretes lubricating substances in serosae
Term
Location & Function of
SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Definition
Location: kidney tubules, ducts of small glands, ovary surface
Function: secretion & absorption
Term
Location & Function of
SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Definition
Location: nonciliated in most of digestive tract, gallbladder & excretory ducts of some glands; ciliated in small bronchi, some regions of uterus
Function: absorption, secretion of mucus, enzymes; ciliated propels mucus & reproductive cells
Term
Location & Function of
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Definition
Location: nonciliated in male sperm-carrying ducts & ducts of large glands; ciliated lines trachea & most of upper respiratory tract
Function: secretion & propulsion of mucus
Term
Location & Function of
STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Definition
Location: in most of digestive tract, gallbladder & excretory ducts of some glands; keratinized in epidermis of skin
Function: protects underlying tissues
Term
Location & Function of
STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Definition
Location: male urethra & some large ducts of glands
Functions: protection, secretion
Term
Location & Function of
TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Definition
Location: ureters, bladder, & part of urethra
Function: stretches & distends urinary organ
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