Term
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Definition
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Term
| # of amino acids in known universe |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| single stranded molecular chain |
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Term
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Definition
bringing amino acids individually to mRNA that are temporarily bonded to ribosomes
transfer RNA; transfers a specific active amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain at the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during translation |
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Term
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Definition
| messenger RNA; carries coding information to the sites of protein synthesis: the ribosomes. |
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Term
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Definition
Builds Ribosomes
The function of the rRNA is to provide a mechanism for decoding mRNA into amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Adenine
Cytosine
Guanine
Thymine |
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Term
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Definition
Adenine
cytosine
guanine
uracil |
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Term
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Definition
| phosphate, sugar(ribose), nitrogen base |
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Term
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Definition
build RNA on a DNA strand
rna strand leaves
rna goes to birbosomes,
induced protein synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
Translation is the production of proteins by decoding mRNA produced in transcription.
occurs in cytoplasm @ ribosomes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 3 base pairs = ____ # of possibilities |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| process by which autotrophs feed (produce sugars) |
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Term
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Definition
| use other methods to feed themselves |
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Term
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Definition
| gamma rays, x rays, uv light, visible light, infared, radio waves |
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Term
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Definition
stars can go through planets
highest frequency |
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Term
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Definition
stars, xras
goes through tissue
can cause mutation |
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Term
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Definition
blacklights
bees can see ultraviolet radiation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| longest wavelenth, televisions and radios |
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Term
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Definition
| plants initially absorbed light @ this frequency |
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Term
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Definition
| plants evolved to absorb this frequency of light (contains more energy) |
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Term
| light dependent reactions (involves chloroplasts) |
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Definition
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Term
| Light independent reactions |
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Definition
use ATP & NADPH
use CO2
make sugars [calvin cycle] |
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Term
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Definition
| C6 H12 6C02 →6C02 + 6H20 x energy |
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Term
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Definition
| 700 nm, 1 ATP for every 2 electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| 680 nm, 2 ATP's for every 2 electrons |
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Term
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Definition
-electrons go to photosynthesis 1 again
-H's go to NADPH to take away electrons
- oxygen is a waste product |
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Term
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Definition
- contain both male and female parts
-strive for VARIATION but can asexually reproduce |
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Term
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Definition
male part of the flower
-filament - gets sperm to top of flower
- anther - ''pollen'' or ''sperm'' |
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Term
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Definition
female part of the flower
-stigma
-style
-ovary |
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Term
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Definition
contains both male and female parts
weeping willow- male and female
holly trees - male and female
cottonwood - male and female |
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Term
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Definition
tube produced by digestive enzymes of the stigma.
pollen falls into the tube towards ovary
thick cell wall |
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Term
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Definition
| thin walled section of ovaried cell wall, easy to get through to create pollen tube |
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Term
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Definition
provides nurishment for zygotes (fuses with polar bodies)
coconut = endosperm
popcorn = endosperm
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Term
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Definition
organisms which ingest other organisms
most animals have mouth |
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Term
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Definition
all devouring
consumes plants and animals
humans |
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Term
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Definition
green crop
plant eating
cows |
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Term
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Definition
flesh devouring
eat meat
lions |
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Term
food processing by animals
ingestion |
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Definition
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Term
food processing by animals
digestion |
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Definition
| breaking down food into molecules which can be absorbed into cells |
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Term
food processing by animals
absorption |
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Definition
| absorbinb nutrients into cells |
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Term
food processing by animals
elimination |
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Definition
| undigested wastes are passed through system |
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Term
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Definition
tube which runs between mouth and anus
almost always 1 way process [except puking]
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Term
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Definition
glycoprotein [mucin]
protects soft palate
lubricates and helps to swallow objects |
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Term
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Definition
neutralize very acidic and basic foods
help prevent tooth decay |
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Term
mouth
antibacterial chemical |
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Definition
| kills bacteria which comes in with food |
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Term
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Definition
| to break down STARCH (contains salivary amylase) |
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Term
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Definition
in the front
used to bite, chisaled shape |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| flattened teeth in back used to grind and crush |
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Term
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Definition
| flattened teeth in back used to grind and crush |
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Term
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Definition
| molars, last set of teeth, humans dont need anymore |
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Term
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Definition
contains taste buds
shapes food into bolus
bolus goes to back of mouth called pharynx |
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Term
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Definition
| opens into esophogus and trachea |
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Term
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Definition
food pipe
muscular tube, contracts above bolus, moving food downwards |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
folds over trachea when eating
prevents choking |
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Term
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Definition
| contraction of esophogus above the bolus to force food downwards |
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Term
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Definition
| lubricates and protects lining of stomach |
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Term
Stomach
hydrochrloric acid |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
produces PEPSIN
PEPSIN - breaks down proteins into amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| triggers more hydrocholoric acid and pepsinogen production |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| everything in the stomach |
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Term
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Definition
adds more digestive enzymes and sodium bicarbonate
2 1/2 cm in diameter |
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Term
Small intestine
sodium bicarbonate |
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Definition
| neutralyzes pH of acidchyme |
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Term
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Definition
| adds bile @ beginning of small intestines |
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Term
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Definition
breaks down fats
bile is made up of used up blood
bile is stored in gall bladder |
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Term
Small intestine
rest of gall bladder (end) |
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Definition
used for absorption
300 sq meters
covered in vili
vili - absorb nutrients |
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Term
| signal speed of message through mylon sheath |
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Definition
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Term
| nutrients from small intestines are moved into blood supply by diffusion and active transport |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
makes proteins
removies glucose and makes clycogen |
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Term
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Definition
1/2 meter long, 5 1/2 cm diameter
absorbs water
sends waste to rectum
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Term
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Definition
| sac that encloses heart and protects it |
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Term
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Definition
Inhaling oxygen
(atmosphere is mostly composed of nitrogen) |
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Term
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Definition
| transport throughout body by means of circulatory system |
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Term
Gas exchange
Servicing cells |
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Definition
| cells use oxygen and your end product is CO2 |
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Term
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Definition
| pumping blood to front of fish, water goes to back of fish. fish can pick up maximum amount of oxygen by DIFFUSION |
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Term
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Definition
| holes in outside of insect to inside of insect holes branch in order to spread oxygen to each cell in insect |
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Term
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Definition
warms up air
gas goes over soft palate
gas gets to pharynx
gas goes into trachea |
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Term
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Definition
| ring of tissue with protective cartalidge rings |
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Term
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Definition
| (voicebox) vibrating vocal chords |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
carry 4 oxygen molecules
blood cell has 280,000,000
around 1 billion oxygen molecules |
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Term
cardiovascular system
1.
2.
3. |
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Definition
1. arteries
2. veins
3capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
| blood goes from right side of heart to lungs to left side of heart |
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Term
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Definition
| left side of heart through body to right |
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Term
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Definition
| most oxygenated from heart |
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Term
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Definition
4-6 liters of blood
45% cellular element
plasma 55%
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Term
central nervous system
1.
2.
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Definition
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Term
peripheral nervous system
1.
2.
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Definition
1. autonomic nervous system
2. somatic nervous system
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Term
Autonomic nervous system
1.
2.
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Definition
1. sympathetic nervous system
2. parasympathetic |
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Term
| sympathetic nervous system |
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Definition
exites
prepares body for energy consumption
dumps glycogen & sugars into bloodstream
fight or flight |
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Term
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Definition
inhibits
relax the body
speeds up digestion
slows breathing
slows heart rate |
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Term
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Definition
spinal cord
info to & from brain
simple responses (reflexes)
knee (2 neurons)
most reflexes use 3 neurons |
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Term
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Definition
1. sensory neurons
2. inter neuron
3. motor neuron (goes out to a muscle) |
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