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Bio vocab
Section 9-1 to 9-2
21
Biology
9th Grade
11/15/2006

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Term
genotype
Definition
the genetic makeup of an organism
Term
phenotype
Definition
the appearance of an organism as a result of its genotype
Term
homozygous
Definition
when both alleles pairs are alike
Term
heterozygous
Definition
when 2 allele in the pairs are different
Term
Probability
Definition
the likelihood that a specific event will occur
Term
allele
Definition
each several alternative forms of a gene
Term
molecular genetics
Definition
the study of the structure and function of chromosomes and genes
Term
law of independent assortment
Definition
factors for different characteristics are distibuted to gametes independently
Term
law of segregation
Definition
a pair of factors is segregated, or seperated, during the formation of gametes
Term
dominant
Definition
dominant of the other factor for a specific characteristic
Term
recessive factor
Definition
the trait that ws masked
Term
heredity
Definition
the transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring
Term
monohybrid cross
Definition
a cross between individuals that involves one pair of contrasting traits
Term
punnett square
Definition
aids them in predicting the probability that certain traits will be inherited by offspring
Term
genotypic ratio
Definition
the ratio of genotypes that appear in offspring
Term
phenotypic ratio
Definition
the ratio of the offsprings phenotypes
Term
testcross
Definition
whcich an individual of unknown genotype is crossed with a homozygous recessive individual
Term
complete dominance
Definition
one allele was completely dominant over another
Term
incomplete dominance
Definition
when 2 or more allele influence the phenotype
Term
codomianace
Definition
when both alleles for a gene are expresssed in a heterozygous offspring
Term
dihybrid cross
Definition
a cross between individuals that involves two pairs of contrasting traits
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