Term
| breaks down glucose to co2 and energy |
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Definition
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Term
| the removing of energy from organic molecules and storing it in ATP |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| three metabolic stages of cellular respiration |
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Definition
1. glycolysis
2. krebs cycle
3. electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation |
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Term
| harvest chemical energy by breaking down glucose to pyruvate |
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Definition
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Term
| glycolysis is a _____ pathway during which a 6 carbon glucose is split into two 3 carbon sugars. which are then rearranged by a stepwise process that produces two ______ molecules |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| occurs with or without O2 |
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Definition
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Term
| the reactions of glycolysis occur in 2 phases: |
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Definition
1. glucose activation phase
2. energy harvest phase |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| uses cellular ATP to phospholyrate the glycolysis intermediates |
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Definition
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Term
| costs two ATP molecules per glucose |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
yields 4 atp molecules per glucose
and 2 molecules of nadh per glucose |
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Definition
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Term
| glycolysis is distinct from cellular respiration because ? |
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Definition
| glycolysis does not occur in the mitochondria |
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Term
| if there is no oxygen present then the pyruvic acid molecules from glycolysis go through ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| anaerobic (takes place without o2) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| results in the partial degration of sugars |
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Definition
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Term
| regenerates NAD (that is its purpose) |
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Definition
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Term
| two most common products of pyruvate reduction |
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Definition
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Term
| two types of fermentation: |
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Definition
1. alcohol fermentation
2. lactic acid fermentation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| how can glycolysis continue producing energy when oxygen is not present? |
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Definition
| fermentation regenerates the NAD+ needed for glycolysis by allowing pyruvate to accept electrons and H+ from NADH |
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Term
| difference between champagne and wine |
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Definition
| difference is carbonation |
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Term
| you help a friend move, and the next day your arms and legs are sore. what caused this soreness? |
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Definition
| you overworked muscles did not get enough O2 and switched to fermintation, which builds up lactate |
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Term
| if there IS oxygen, the pyruvic acid molecules from glycolysis go to the bridge reaction, followed by the kreb's cycle in _______ |
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Definition
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Term
-ATP production
-results in the complete breakdown of sugars |
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Definition
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Term
| the reaction that connects glycolysis to the Kreb's cycle |
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Definition
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Term
| converts pyruvic acid to acetyl CoA |
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Definition
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Term
| occurs in the mitochondrial matrix |
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Definition
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Term
| completes the breakdown of glucose that glycolysis started |
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Definition
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Term
| products of glycolysis and Krebs cycle are |
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Definition
-Nadh
-FADH
- a SMALL amount of ATP generated |
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Term
| for every molecule of glucose entering glycolysis there are __ pyruvates molecules that can enter the ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ of the krebs cycle are needed to complete the breakdown of ___ glucose molecule |
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Definition
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Term
| located in the inner mitochondrial membrane |
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Definition
| electron transport system |
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Term
| accepts energy in the form of electrons from NADH and FADH |
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Definition
| electron transport system |
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Term
| uses the energy from electron transfers to make ATP via oxidative phosphorylation |
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Definition
| electron transport system |
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Term
| produces most of (90%) of the ATP cellular respiration |
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Definition
| electron transport system |
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Term
| the electron transport system uses the energy from electron transfers to make ATP via _____________ |
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Definition
| oxidative phosphorylation |
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Term
| electrons from NADH and FADH2 pass through a series of enzymes and other proteins called the ____________ |
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Definition
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Term
| their energy is used to pump H+ from the matrix into the intermembrane compartment. Creates a gradient |
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Definition
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Term
| people with chronic fatique take what pills? |
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Definition
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Term
| *does the electron transport chain make ATP directly?? |
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Definition
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Term
| the coupling of exergonic electron flow down an electron transport chain to endergonic ATP production by the creation of a proton gradient across a membrane |
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Definition
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Term
| site of chemiosmosis ATP synthesis |
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Definition
| inner mitochondrial membrane |
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Term
| ______ activate enzymes used to make ATP |
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Definition
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Term
| for every NADH into the electron transport chain _________ are moved from the mitochondria matrix to the intermemrane component |
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Definition
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Term
| For every FADH2 that feeds into the electron transport chain _______ are moved from the mtochondrial matrix to the intermembrane compartment |
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Definition
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Term
| for every proton that crosses back into the mitochondrial matrix one ATP is synthesized by |
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Definition
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Term
| EVERY MOLECULE OF GLUCOSE ON YOUR BODY CREATES _____ ADP, FROM ____ GLUCOSE |
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Definition
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Term
| two things that are at metabollic crossroads |
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Definition
| glycolysis and kreb cycle |
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Term
| can accept components from most of the major types of macromolecules found in food |
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Definition
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Term
| cells can switch off the pathways they dont need by __________ |
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Definition
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Term
| tell the cells how much energy we have |
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Definition
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Term
atp/adp high means
low means? |
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Definition
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