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BIo Lecture 13
Dr. Maruniak
26
Biology
Undergraduate 1
09/30/2015

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Term
Oldest fossils of multicellulars are
Definition
1.2 Bya
Algae
Term
When did animals evolve?
Definition
3/4s to 1 bya
Term
What is the oldest fossil?
How old is it?
how big/ small is it?
Definition
- sponge
-760 Mya
- size of grain of sand
Term
Snow ball earth hypothesis is A.K.A?
how long did it last?
what is the result of this?
Definition
- sever ice age that covered from pole to pole
-750-570 Mya
- caused a hold on evolution of animals for about 200 million years
Term
When did larger, soft-bodies animals appear?
Definition
Proterozoic Period
570 Million years ago
Term
How did the animals represent a different evaluational organism?
Definition
Motile; heterotrophs; no cell wall
Term
The late larger, soft-bodies animals in the late Proterozoic period were what?
Definition
Herbivores
which fed on algae
NO CARNIVORES @ THIS POINT
Term
The Cambrian period was when?
How did it start?
Physical results of this period?
Definition
- 540 ~ 485 Mya
- started with an explosion of new animal species
-exoskeletons & better mobility
Term
Hox genes
Definition
allowed evolution of new body plans
controls body plans & Appendages (part of an invertebrate)
Term
Most common Burgess fossil
Definition
Shale Fossil
Term
Invertebrates are the 1st to ____ ?
Have no what?
Definition
1st to evolve
have no backbone
Term
Phylum Porlfera
Definition
Sponges
Term
Songs are the first what?
Definition
animales to evolve
Term
Songes do not have,
Definition
symmetry, tissues, or organs
Term
Examples of Cnidaria
Definition
Cnidaria
Term
Name the physical characteristics of the Cnidaria
Definition
radial symmetry, nerve net & muscle
epithelium, sacklike gut
Term
Platyhelminthes
Definition
Flatworms (i.e -tapeworms)
bilateral symmetry
has organs
1st w/ cephalization & bilateral nerve cord
Term
Nematoda
Definition
roundworms (pinworms, heart-worms, Loa loa)
1st with tube digestive system
Term
Mollusca
Definition
clams, squids, octopi
1st with advanced body cavity
Term
Annelida
Definition
earthworms, leeches
1st with segmentation & closed circulatory system
Term
Arthropoda
Definition
spiders, insects, crustaceans
greatest # spp of any anima
hard exoskeleton, jointed appendages
Term
Chordata
Definition
notochord, nerve cord, pharynx & tail
Term
notochord
Definition
supporting rod along body
Term
pharynx
Definition
muscular feeding apparatus at beginning of digestive tube
Term
chordate ancestors arose in
Definition
Cambrian
Term
Example of a Cambrian
Definition
Pikaia
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