Term
| The population size of a species capable of being supported by the environment is called its ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Species with limited resources usually exhibit a(n) ________ growth curve. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A country with zero population growth is likely to be ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The maximum growth rate characteristic of a species is called its ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is best at showing the life expectancy of an individual within a population? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is not a way that humans have increased the carrying capacity of the environment? |
|
Definition
| using large amounts of natural resources |
|
|
Term
| Species that have many offspring at one time are usually: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Decomposers are associated with which class of food web? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of country has the greatest proportion of young individuals? |
|
Definition
| economically underdeveloped |
|
|
Term
When an invasive species alters the community structure it is introduced to, what can the consequence be?
to everyone else.
A
extinction of economically important species
B
reduced predation on some native species
C
increased predation on some native species
D
all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Human populations have which type of survivorship curve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A symbiotic relationship where both of the co-existing species benefit from the interaction is called ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A forest fire is an example of ________ regulation. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first species to live on new land, such as that formed from volcanic lava, are called________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Aristotle was one of the first _________, people who observe life from a scientific perspective. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the 1800s, __________ was studying Bio geography. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What evidence proves evolution occurred? |
|
Definition
1) Biogeography
2) Comparative morphology
3) the Fossil Record |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -Study of patterns in the geographic distribution of species and communities. |
|
|
Term
| study of body plans and structures among groups of organisms. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| physical evidence of an organism that lived in the ancient past |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Body parts that have
no apparent function,
such as leg bones in
snakes and tail bones
in humans, were also
confusing |
|
|
Term
Deeper layers of rock held fossils of simple marine life; layers
above them held similar but more ________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the 19th century _________ believed catastrophic geological events would have caused extinctions, after which surviving species repopulated the planet. (catastrophism).____________species gradually improved over generations because of an inherent drive toward perfection, up the chain of being. |
|
Definition
| George Cuvier, Jean Lamarck |
|
|
Term
_________ He was the British naturalist who
became famous for his theories of
evolution and natural selection. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
• When environments changed, organisms
had to change their ________ to survive.
• If they began to use an organ more than
they had in the past, it would ______ in
its lifetime.
• Meanwhile organs that organisms stopped
using would ________. |
|
Definition
| behavior,increase, shrink |
|
|
Term
| From 1831 to 1836 Darwin served as naturalist aboard the _________ on a British science expedition around the world. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
- In South America Darwin found fossils of extinct animals that were _______to modern species.
- On the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean he noticed many ______ among plants and animals of the same general type as those in South America. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
• _________, a clergyman and economist,
wrote essay that Darwin read on his return to
England. He argued that as population size increases, resources dwindle, the struggle to live intensifies, and conflict increases. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the observations and conclusions of Darwin? |
|
Definition
Observation #1 Species reproduce as many
offspring as possible.
• Observation #2 Resources are limited.
• 1st conclusion: Competition for limited
resources will lead to a struggle for existence.
• Observation #3 Individuals vary in their traits.
• Observation #4 Variation among individuals is
heritable.
• 2nd conclusion: Survival is not random.
Instead, individuals with best traits are more
likely to survive and reproduce. |
|
|
Term
| a process in which environmental pressures result in the differential survival and reproduction of individuals of a population who vary in the details of shared, heritable traits. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A population can change over time when
individuals differ in one or more heritable traits
that are responsible for differences in the
ability to survive and reproduce. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Darwin's theories
1. Evolution did occur!
- 2. Evolutionary change was
_________, requiring thousands to
millions of years.
- 3. The primary mechanism for
evolution was a process called
__________.
- 4. The millions of species alive
today arose from a single original
life form through a branching
process called ___________. |
|
Definition
1. Evolution did occur!
- 2. Evolutionary change was
gradual, requiring thousands to
millions of years.
- 3. The primary mechanism for
evolution was a process called
natural selection.
- 4. The millions of species alive
today arose from a single original
life form through a branching
process called "specialization." |
|
|
Term
| The great diversity of life on earth-ranging from bacteria to elephants and roses, the change that occurs in organisms' characteristics through time. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A population or group of populations that possess similar characteristics and can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Same things (ex. bones) are sometimes still present just put to a different use. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Similar-looking features. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the five agents of evolution? |
|
Definition
| Mutation, migration, genetic drift, nonrandom mating, and selection. |
|
|
Term
| The periodic passage of groups of animals (especially birds or fishes) from one region to another for feeding or breeding. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The gradual changes in gene frequencies in a population due to random events. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mating among individuals on the basis of their phenotypic similarities or differences, rather than mating on a random basis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Individuals with certain genotypes sometimes mate with one another either more or less frequently than would be expected on a random basis, a phenomenon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when selection acts to eliminate both extremes from an array of phenotypes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| selection acts to eliminate the intermediate type resulting in the two more extreme phenotypes becoming more common in the population |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when selection acts to eliminate one extreme from an array of phenotypes the alleles determining this extreme become less frequent in the population |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| heereditary disease affecting hemoglobin molecules in the blood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| species that exist in different areas are not able to interbreed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| groups of actually or potentially interbreeding natural populations which are reproductively isolated from other such groups |
|
Definition
| biological species concept |
|
|
Term
| populations whose members do not mate with each other or who cannot produce fertile offspring |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| species occur in the same area but they occupy different habitats. survival of hybrids is low because they are not adapted to either environmental of their parents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| species reproduce in different seasons or at different times of the day |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| species differ in the mating rituals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| structural differences between species prevent mating |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gametes of one species function poorly with the gametes of another species or within the reproductive tract of another species |
|
Definition
| prevention of gamete fusion |
|
|
Term
| In 1858, he wrote a join conclusion with Darwin, and in '59 Darwin published their book, "The Origin of Species" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (1766-1834) Economist who wrote essays and were used by Darwin. |
|
Definition
|
|
