Term
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Definition
tumors can cause angiogenesis-formation of new blood vessels
can cause metasize-establish new tumors |
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Term
| Three steps to prevent cancer |
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Definition
Use sunscreen
Avoid radiation
Be tested |
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Term
| Foods rich in Vitamins A & C |
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Definition
Pumpkin
Squash
Spinach
Sweet Potatoes
Vegetables from the cabbage family |
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Term
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Definition
• Gametes in animals
• Spores in other organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| picture of chromosomes in numbered pairs called homologous |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| all pairs of chromosomes except sex chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
produces sperm. eggs
requires 2 divisons |
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Term
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Definition
| chromosomes of each homologous pair separate |
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Term
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Definition
| sister chromatids of each duplicated chromosome separate |
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Term
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Definition
occur during meiosis I
synapsis- homologous chromosomes come together, line up side by side
crossing-over- during synapsis, no sister chromatids exchange genetic material |
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Term
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Definition
| prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase occur during both meiosis I |
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Term
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Definition
No replication of DNA occurs between meiosis I and II(interkinesis)
the whole purpose of the process is to produce sperm and egg |
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Term
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Definition
in sexually reproducing organisms, all the reproductive events from one generation to the next
includes mitosis and meiosis |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs in testes and produces sperm |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs in ovaries and produces eggs |
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Term
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Definition
| product of sperm and egg joining during fertilization, has homologous |
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Term
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Definition
• increases genetic variation
• fertilization(union male and female gamete), enhances genetic variation
• some offspring may have better chance of survival, reproductive success than others |
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Term
| Problems with mitosis cause what? |
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Definition
| genetic disorders and diseases like cancer |
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Term
| In meiosis I homologues do not |
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Definition
| separate, but both daughter chromosomes go to same gamete |
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Term
| What are the results of non-disjunction |
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Definition
| polyploidy, aneuploidy, monosomy, trisomy |
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Term
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Definition
organism has 3 or more complete sets of chromosomes
XXX |
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Term
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Definition
organism has missing or extra chrosome
X |
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Term
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Definition
| chromosome "pair" w/only 1 chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| chromosome "pair w/3 chromosomes |
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Term
| Trisomy 21 is another term for? |
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Definition
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Term
| People with Down syndrome have |
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Definition
| 3 copies of chromosome 21 |
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Term
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Definition
| female born w/ only single X |
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Term
| What is Klinefelter syndrome? |
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Definition
| male has 2 or more X chromosomes in addition to a Y chromosome |
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Term
| Various environmental agents(i.e. radiation, chemicals, and viruses can cause what to chromosomes? |
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Definition
| Can cause chromosomes to break |
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Term
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Definition
| Chromosome segment repeated more than once |
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Term
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Definition
| chromosome segment turned 180 degrees |
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Term
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Definition
| chromosome segment moves from one chromosome to a nonhomologous chromosome |
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Term
| Who is the father of genetics? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the law of segregation? |
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Definition
| describes how gametes pass on traits. |
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Term
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Definition
| each individual has 2 factors to each trait, the factors segregate during formation of gametes, each gamete contains only 1 factor from each pair of factors, fertilization gives each new individual 2 factors for each trait |
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Term
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Definition
| alleles an individual recieves at fertilization |
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Term
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Definition
| organism has 2 identical alleles at a genelocus |
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Term
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Definition
| organism has 2 different alleles at a genelocus |
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Term
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Definition
| physical appearance of the inidividual |
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Term
| What is law of independent assortment? |
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Definition
| describes inheritance of multipletraits |
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Term
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Definition
| Each pair of factors separates independently w/out regard to how the others separate, all possible combinations of factors can occur in the gametes |
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Term
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Definition
| consistent w/laws of probability |
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Term
| What are test crosses supported by? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| indicate the genotype, intentional breeding in order to determine underlying genotypes |
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