Term
|
Definition
| Is an activity carried out by an animal in response to a stimulus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Are those that are essentially the same in all members of species |
|
|
Term
| What are the types of innate behaviours: |
|
Definition
- Communication Behaviours
- Rhythmic Behaviours
- Reproductive Behaviours
- Competitive Behaviours
- Dominance behaviours
- Territoriality
- Social Interactions |
|
|
Term
| What are the learned behaviours? |
|
Definition
- Conditioning
- Operant Conditioning
- Habituation
- Insight
- Imprinting
- Observational Behaviours |
|
|
Term
| Range of Reproductive Strategies |
|
Definition
- Type of reproduction
- Gender System
- Mode of Fertilisation
- Mating System
- Numbers of offspring
- Place of development and source of nutrition for embryo
- Investment of parental care in offspring |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Male/Female
or
Hermaphrodite
or
Parthenogenesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Monogamy
or
Polygamy
or
Promiscuity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Place of development and source of nutrition for embryo |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Investment of parental care into offspring |
|
Definition
Altricial development mode
or
Cocial development mode (?) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Situation in which animals form a pair bond and one male mates with one female for one or more breeding seasons or for life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Situation in which one male or one female has multiple partners during a breeding season |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One kind of polygamy in which one male has multiple female partners during a breeding season |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
One kind of polygamy in which one female has
multiple male partners during a breeding season |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Situation in which one dominant male in a group mates with each mature female in that group during one breeding season |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Situation in which one male displays and attracts passing females in turn for mating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The gathering of males in one area for the purpose of displaying to attract mates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In a promiscuous mating system, males and females within a social group engage in multiple and indiscriminate matings. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A situation in which a species, in comparison with a K-selected species, breeds more often and produces larger numbers of offspring in which little or no parental care is invested |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A situation in which a species, in comparison with an r-selected species, breeds less frequently and has fewer offspring in which great parental care is invested |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An hermaphrodite animal can produce both male and female gametes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One form of asexual reproduction in which new individuals are produced from unfertilised eggs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mode of reproduction in which embryonic development occurs outside the mother’s body but within an egg that provides nutrition from the egg yolk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mode of reproduction in which embryonic development occurs within the mother’s body, with young being born as miniature adults |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Eggs produced by reptiles and birds with features including an outer shell, a series of internal membranes that enabled these eggs to be laid and for embryonic development to occur in terrestrial environments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In mammals, the fluid-filled sac enclosing the embryo (later a fetus) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A membrane that forms a sac in which wastes produced by the embryo are stored in solid form, a bit like a personal toilet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Placental mammals, marsupial mammals and monotremes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Release of eggs and sperm into the external environment by groups of fish |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Describes eggs that are laid in rock crevices (in contrast to free floating or pelagic eggs); also refers to spawners, that is, fish that produce eggs and sperm and guard the eggs after fertilisatio |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The release or deposit of eggs from a fish or amphibian. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The producing of sperm and eggs (gametes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the cycle of egg production in female mammals and, depending on the species, there may be one or more cycles during a year; in humans, the oestrus cycle is termed the menstrual cycle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Grains that contain the male reproductive cells of a seed- producing plant |
|
|
Term
| How does pollen transfer? |
|
Definition
| Via vectors, such as birds, insects or wind. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to insects or other animals that carry pollen from one flower to another flower of the same species; can also refer to a carrier of a disease from one host to another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Seeds are the stage of the life cycle of conifers and of flowering plants
that enable dispersal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any animal that has a backbone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any animal that lacks a backbone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the number of eggs produced by an animal species in one breeding season; fecundity is said to be high when the number of eggs is high |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to flowering plants for which the transfer of pollen to other flowers of the same species occurs through the agency of birds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Structure constructed by native Australian bowerbirds that forms an essential part of the display of male bowerbirds in attracting females |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The period when mature members of an animal population have sperm and eggs ready for release and fertilisation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Group of animals that includes octopi, squid and nautaloids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ovulation occurring as a result of mating; induced ovulation contrasts with spontaneous ovulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to flowering plants for which the transfer of pollen to other flowers of the same species occurs through the agency of insects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Breeding season for animals with internal fertilisation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Monthly cycle under hormonal control that occurs in sexually mature human females and involves egg formation and release, and preparation of the uterus for a |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Period of sexual receptivity in female mammals, sometime termed ‘being in heat’ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Eggs that are free floating in water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organ that permits exchange of materials between the blood of a mother and her fetus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Birds that are covered with down, are able to stand and can fend for themselves and feed when they hatch, although they may not be able to fly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| refers to flowering plants for which the transfer of pollen to other flowers of the same species occurs through the agency of wind |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Small free-floating organisms living in ocean that include the larvae of fish and other aquatic species |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Formation of specialised groups to carry out different functions in an animal society |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to a pattern of activity following a 24-hour cycle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of learned behaviour in which an animal forms an association between two stimuli, one significant and one insignificant, so that the response normally associated with the significant stimulus occurs when only the insignificant stimulus is presented |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plants that flower regardless of the length of day |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Study of animal behaviour |
|
|
Term
| Geotropism (Positive / Negative) |
|
Definition
| Response of a shoot or root to gravity, can be positive towards gravity (grows down) or negative towards gravity (grows up) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of learned behaviour in which the response to a repeated stimulus gradually decreases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Also called solar tracking; ability of some plants to move so that they remain either perpendicular or parallel to the sun’s rays throughout the day |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Form of rapid and irreversible learning occurring during the early stage of an animal’s life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of learned behaviour in which an animal applies previous experience to the solution of a new problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plants that flower when day-length increases (night-length shortens) to a particular critical point, generally in late spring or early summer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the predictable movements of organisms over large distances, which may occur once in the lifetime of an organism (e.g. eels) or yearly (e.g. muttonbirds) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Form of trial-and-error learning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hierarchy within an animal group that reflects different ranks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the relative lengths of day and night in a 24-hour period |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Response of plants to particular periods of light and dark in terms of flowering or germination of seeds |
|
|
Term
| Phototropism (Positive /Negative) |
|
Definition
| Movement of a plant in response to light |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plant that flowers when day-length shortens (night lengthens) to a particular critical point, generally in late summer, autumn or winter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The turning of all or part of an organism in a particular direction in response to an external stimulus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A plant response to contact with a solid object |
|
|
Term
| Territoriality / Territorial Behaviour |
|
Definition
| Behaviour associated with defending an area against other individuals, usually of the same species |
|
|
Term
| Altricial Development Mode |
|
Definition
| Birds that are blind and nearly naked when hatched and are dependent on their parents for warmth, food and protections for several weeks (requires parental care) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Method of producing offspring that does not involve the fusion of different gametes; for example, binary fission |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The period when mature members of an animal population have sperm and eggs ready for release and fertilisation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Describes eggs that are laid in rock crevices (in contrast to free floating or pelagic eggs); also refers to spawners, that is, fish that produce eggs and sperm and guard the eggs after fertilisation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Early stage of a developing organism; in humans, includes the first eight weeks of development |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Exclusively via wind as a vector |
|
|
