Term
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Definition
| phenotype; the process of converting archived information into things that actually have apurpose in cells |
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Term
| Beadle and Tatum Hypothesis |
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Definition
| 1941; knocking out a gene by damaging it can show what changes in a cell can tell you what that gene does; Tatum and Beadle exposed N. crassa bacteria to radiation to cause defective genes and searched out these genes to see what defect they had; led to their one gene one enzyme hpothesis |
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Term
| Srb and Horowitz Experiment |
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Definition
| 1944;tested the one gene one enzyme hypoth.; Knew N. Crassa can grow on an unsupplemented medium because it produces its own arginine (a amino acid;arginine is made through a metabolic pathway- a precursor makes orthinine, which makes citrulline, which makes arginine); Specific enzymes are required at each metabolic pathway step to get to arginine;Srb and horowitz hypothesized that specific genes are required for the three enzymes; Started by irradiating N. Crassa cells and gene screening for cells with arginine defects(picked out specimen that couldn't grow w/o arginine medium because it meant they did not create their own arginine); found that particular genes created the particular enzymes for each step and the some on the specimen would grow on some medium, but not others; changed the one gene one enzyme>one polypeptide since proteins are made of poly peptides |
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