Term
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Definition
Breaks hydrogen bonds and exposes bases
“If I were an enzyme I would be DNA helicase so I could unzip your
genes.” |
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Term
|
Definition
Primes the strand so the RNA primer can bond
The RNA primer is required for DNA polymerase to work |
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Term
|
Definition
Can only work 5’ to 3’ on the new strand
Phosphate : 5’ : first |
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Term
|
Definition
Seals the Okazaki fragments of the lagging strand together
“Ligase links lagging fragments” |
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Term
|
Definition
A stage in mitosis during which the centromeres
split and the daughter chromosomes begin to separate. |
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Term
|
Definition
A group of three nucleotides in a tRNA molecule
that pairs with a complementary sequence in an mRNA molecule. |
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Term
|
Definition
A region of a chromosome to which microtubule
fi bers attach during cell division. The location of this gives a chromosome its characteristic shape. |
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Term
|
Definition
The threadlike structures in the nucleus that
carry genetic information. |
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Term
|
Definition
The process of cytoplasmic division that accompanies
cell division. |
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Term
|
Definition
An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of
DNA using a template DNA strand and nucleotides. |
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Term
|
Definition
DNA sequences that are transcribed, joined to other
exons during mRNA processing, and translated into the
amino acid sequence of a protein. |
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Term
|
Definition
The period of time in the cell cycle between mitotic
divisions. |
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Term
|
Definition
DNA sequences present in some genes that are transcribed
but are removed during processing and therefore are
not present in mature mRNA. |
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Term
|
Definition
A single-stranded complementary
copy of the nucleotide sequence in a gene. |
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Term
|
Definition
A stage in mitosis during which the chromosomes
move and become arranged near the middle of the
cell. |
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Term
|
Definition
Form of cell division that produces two cells, each
of which has the same complement of chromosomes as the
parent cell. |
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Term
|
Definition
A covalent chemical link between the carboxyl
group of one amino acid and the amino group of another
amino acid. |
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Term
|
Definition
A molecule made of amino acids joined together
by peptide bonds. |
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Term
|
Definition
A region of a DNA molecule to which
RNA polymerase binds and initiates transcription. |
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Term
|
Definition
A stage in mitosis during which the chromosomes
become visible and split longitudinally except at the
centromere. |
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Term
|
Definition
A class of double-ringed organic bases found in nucleic
acids. |
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Term
|
Definition
A class of single-ringed organic bases found in
nucleic acids. |
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Term
| Recombinant DNA technology |
|
Definition
A series of techniques in
which DNA fragments from an organism are linked to selfreplicating
vectors to create recombinant DNA molecules,
which are replicated or cloned, in a host cell. |
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Term
|
Definition
RNA molecules that form part of
the ribosome. |
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Term
|
Definition
A codon present in mRNA that signals the location
for translation to begin. The codon AUG functions
as a start codon. |
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Term
|
Definition
The last stage of mitosis, during which division
of the cytoplasm is initiated, the chromosomes of the daughter
cells disperse, and the nucleus re-forms. |
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Term
|
Definition
The nucleotide sequence at the end of a
gene that signals the end of transcription. |
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Term
|
Definition
Transfer of genetic information from the
base sequence of DNA to the base sequence of RNA, mediated
by RNA synthesis. |
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Term
|
Definition
A small RNA molecule that contains
a binding site for a specifi c type of amino acid and a
three-base segment known as an anticodon that recognizes
a specifi c base sequence in messenger RNA. |
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Term
|
Definition
The process of transferring genetic information
between cells by DNA molecules. |
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Term
|
Definition
The molecular agent of transformation;
DNA. |
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Term
|
Definition
Conversion of information encoded in the nucleotide
sequence of an mRNA molecule into the linear sequence
of amino acids in a protein. |
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Term
|
Definition
DNA-binding proteins
that help compact and fold DNA into
chromosomes. |
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Term
|
Definition
The complex of
DNA and proteins that makes up a
chromosome. |
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