Term
| what are the characteristics of an emerging infectius disease? |
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Definition
newly recognized, recent appearance in a population, rapid increase in
incidence or geographic range |
|
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Term
| describe the disease triangle and how this explains how epidemics begin |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the avian flu? what factors contribute to its range expansion? |
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Definition
example of emerging viral infectious disease
range expanding due to human activities, transport of infected birds, migration |
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Term
how was west nile introduced? how is it transmitted? where is it found? who
does it primarily infect? |
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Definition
introduced by travellor or infected pet
spread through mosquito bites
found in almost all US states, and some regions of Canada
infects mostly birds and some species of mammals |
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Term
what is coccidioidomycosis? where is it emerging and why? how does it spread
to humans? |
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Definition
fungal disease (aka valley fever)
emerging in arid regions of west and southwest because urbanization and agriculture
resulted in much more human exposure
infection from inhalation of spores that persist in the dust (primary infection in lungs) |
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Term
what is avian cholera? how was it introduced? what does it infect? what conditions
favor transmission? |
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Definition
emerging bacterial disease (pasteurella multocida)
introduced by humans into wild waterfowl populations
transmission enhanced by wetland pollution and eutrophication |
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Term
| what is kyasanur forest fever? what caused its emergence? final hosts? |
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Definition
viral emerging disease
emergence caused by habitat degradation
infects primates incl. humans |
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Term
| what are some processes that lead to disease emergence? |
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Definition
human encroachment into wild habitats
global travel
urbanization
agricultural intensification
hatcheries/ breeding programs
feral animals
pollution/ habitat destruction
animal transfer |
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Term
| what types of pathogens usually cause EIDs? exotic usually or not? |
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Definition
viruses and bacteria
normally exotic, non native species that get introduced |
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