Term
| consider three ways in which a parasite may alter the behavior of its host to its advantage |
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Definition
| increase conspicuousness, odor manipulation, change its eating habits |
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Term
| what is the relationship between complicated life cycles and host behavior manipulation? |
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Definition
| the more complicated the life cycle, the more manipulation becomes important |
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Term
| how does odor maniuplation increase transmission of tapeworm in the case of beetles and rats? |
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Definition
| odor manipulation attracts beetles to worm infected feces so this intermediate host will be more likely to pick it up and transmit it. |
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Term
| how does tapeworm change behavior of three-spined stickleback fish? |
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Definition
| makes it move slower and not try to escape attacking predators. worm needs bird to catch fish so it can be transmitted to the bird. |
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Term
| how does fungus maniuplate the maggot fly to promote transmission of hyphae? |
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Definition
| females infected with fungus are more attractive to males, so the males go to mate and pick up fungus |
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Term
| how does plague bacteria manipulate the flea to promote transmission? |
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Definition
| blocks the gut so the flea bites more often out of hunger |
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Term
| how do worms change infected grouse behavior? why is this adaptive? |
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Definition
| infected grouse cannot compete for territory as well |
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Term
| how does the cestode manipulate rats to promote transmission? how is transmission facilitated? |
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Definition
| make rats eat more so they become fat and allow more resources for the parasite and make the rat easier for predators to catch and then pick up the pathogen from the rat |
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Term
| describe the tent/mosquito malaria experiment? what was gleaned from this? |
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Definition
| mosquitos were allowed to enter tents with both uninfected and infected people. the pathogens make mosquitos overwhelmingly prefer people already infected with malaria so they will pick up the disease and spread it |
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Term
| at what stage of plasmodium development is a mosquiot most likely to bite the host? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the relationship between manipulative effort and probability of transmission? |
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Definition
| less probability of transmission means more manipulative effort should be used. |
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Term
how should ME change when:
the average parasite fecundity increases?
longevity of the host decreases?
longevity of the parasite decreases?
passive transmission of the parasite increases? |
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Definition
1. can go up or down
2. increased manipulative effort
3. increased manipulative effort
4. decreased ME |
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Term
| what are some ways in which a host may alter its behavior to avoid infection? describe for microparasites and ectoparasite. |
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Definition
| fever, self medication, swating, grooming, moving away, change sleeping behavior |
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Term
| describe the life cycle of thorny headed worms and characteristics of the parasite. |
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Definition
| worm infects birds, birds pass eggs through feces, eggs eaten by crustacean, worm hatches and becomes infective, bird eats crustacean and gets infected/ lots of hooks to hold onto the gut of host |
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Term
| describe the life cycle of the african eyeworm. |
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Definition
| deer fly picks up worm, fly bites humans and deposits worm |
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Term
| describe characteristics of the tapeworm. |
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Definition
| medical importance bc humans can easily get them from undercooked meat |
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