Term
| True or false: Nearly every cell contains every gene in the body. |
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Definition
| True: Nearly every cell contains every gene in the body. |
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Term
| What factors effect gene expression? |
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Definition
| Cell type, developmental stage, environment. |
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Term
| What causes genes to turn on or off? |
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Definition
| Enzymes (proteins), drugs, feedback mechanisms. |
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Term
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Definition
| A gene and the regulatory regions that control if the gene is made into a polypeptide. |
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Term
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Definition
| The DNA segment in the promoter region that acts as an on/off switch for gene expression. |
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Term
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Definition
| A protein that switches genes off by binding to the operator, blocking Polymerase access to the promoter. |
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Term
| What causes genes which are usually "on" to turn "off?" |
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Definition
| When the product concentration is too high. |
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Term
| What causes some genes that are usually "off" to turn "on?" |
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Definition
| When the substrate is available. |
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Term
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Definition
| A substance on which an enzyme acts. |
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Term
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Definition
| Proteins whose DNA binding stimulates transcription. |
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Term
| Control of gene expression can occur through ______ ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What things about chromatin structure effects gene expression? |
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Definition
| How tightly coiled the DNA is, DNA methylation, Epigenetic inheritance. |
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Term
| How does the tight coiling of chromatin effect gene expression? |
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Definition
| It affects RNA Polymerase access. |
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Term
| How does methylation effect gene expression? |
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Definition
| CH3 added to bases can inactivate genes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Genetic factors unrelated to base sequences affecting traits. |
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Term
| During what may gene expression be effected? |
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Definition
| Transcription and translation. |
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Term
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Definition
| A protein binding region that influences the rate of transcription. |
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Term
| What influences gene expression during transcription? |
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Definition
| Whether proteins bind to Enhancers. |
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Term
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Definition
| How resistant mRNA is to degradation from enzymes breaking it down. |
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Term
| What effects gene expression during translation? |
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Definition
| mRNA stability and micro mRNA |
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Term
| What is mRNA stability based on? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Short mRNA sequences complimentary to a small part of mRNA. |
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Term
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Definition
| It binds to mRNA, blocking translation and degrading the mRNA. |
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