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The science of body structures and the relationships among them |
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Chemical Level of Structural Organization |
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basic level which includes atoms and molecules |
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Cellular level of structural organization |
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2nd level contains cells which are the basic structural and functional units of an organism |
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Tissue level of structural organization |
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3rd level contains tissues which are groups of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together to perform a particular function |
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Organ Level of structural organization |
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4th level contains organs which are structures that are composed of two or more types of tissues, they have specific functions and recognizable shapes |
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System level of structural organization |
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5th level systems consist of related organs with a common function |
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Organism level of structural organization |
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6th level organisms all the parts of the human body working together constitute an organism |
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what are the 11 systems of the human body? |
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Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Cardiovascular, Digestive, Urinary, Lymphatic, Reproductive, Respiratory |
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components:skin, nails, hair, sweat and oil glands
functions: eliminates some wastes, protects the body, helps regulate body temp, helps make vitamin d, detects sensations such as touch, pain, warmth and cold |
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composed of: Bones and joints of the body and their associated cartiledges
functions: supports and protects the body, provides a surface area for muscle attachments, aids body movements, houses cells that produce blood cells stores minerals and lipids |
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composed of: muscles composed of skeletal muscles(muscles attached to bones)
functions: produces body movements, stabilizes body position, generates heat |
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composed of: Brain, spinal cord, nerves, special sense organs such as eyes and ears
functions: generates action potentials/nerve impulses in order to regulate body activities, detects change in the body's internal and external enviornments, interprets these changes and responds by causing muscular contractions or glandular secretions |
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components: hormone producing glands such as the pituitary,pineal,thyroid and adrenal glands also the thymus, pancreas, ovaries, and testis. As well as hormone producing cells in several other organs
functions: regulates body activities by releasing hormones, which are chemical messengers transported in blood from an endocrine gland or tissue to a target organ. |
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Components: mouth, salivary gland, esophagus, liver, gallbladder, large intestine, small intestine, anus, pharynx, stomach, pancreas
Functions: Achieves physical and chemical breakdown of food, absorbs nutrients, eliminates solid wastes |
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Components: Blood, heart and blood vessels
Functions: Heart pumps blood through blood vessels; blood carries oxygen and nutrients to cells and carbon dioxide and wastes away from cells and helps regulate acid/base balance, temperature, and water content of body fluids; blood components help defend against disease and repair damaged blood vessels |
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