Term
|
Definition
| Describes the vertical position of a structure. A superior structure is above something else (forehead superior to nose) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Describes the vertical position of a structure. An inferior structure is below something else (chin inferior to mouth) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Describes the position of a structure front-to-back. An anterior structure is toward the front (chest anterior to spine) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Describes the position of a structure front-to-back. A posterior structure is toward the back (tongue is posterior to teeth) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the position of a structure relative to the midline of the body. A medial structure is toward the midline (belly button medial to hips) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the position of a structure relative to the midline of the body. A lateral structure is away from the midline (nostrils lateral to tip of nose) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the position of a structure relative to where something attaches to the body. A proximal structure is closer to the attachment point (elbow is proximal to wrist) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the position of a structure relative to where something attaches to the body. A distal structure is further away from the attachment point (fingernails are distal to knuckles) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Describes the position of a structure relative to the head and tail. A cranial structure is toward the head (neck is cranial to belly button). In humans, cranial and superior mean the same thing. In 4 legged animals, cranial and anterior are interchangeable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Describes the position of a structure relative to the head and tail. A caudal structure is toward the tail or rear (shoulders are caudal to head). In humans, caudal and inferior mean the same thing. In 4 legged animals, caudal and posterior are interchangeable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Assumes that an organism is walking on all fours. The term refers to upper structures (if you are on all fours, backbone is dorsal to your chest. Top of foot is dorsal to bottom of foot) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Assumes that an organism is walking on all fours. The term refers to lower structures (is you are on all fours, chest is ventral to backbone) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The prominent expanded end of a bone (usually rounded)
-Head of humerus and femur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The long middle portion of a bone
-Shaft of humerus or femur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A narrow ridge
-Crest on os coax hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A narrow raised area, smaller than a ridge
-Lines on back of skull and side of skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A bony projection
-Sharp process and blunt process beneath ear hole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A smooth rounded projection the articulates with another bone. Have small round projections just above them called epicondyles
-On femur and bottom of skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A very large, rough looking process found only on the femur
-Large trochanter and small trochanter on femur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A narrow or sharp process. Spines can be pointed structures, or be more like tall very narrow ridges
-Pointed spines on hip and on scapula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A small rounded process
-On humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A rough area or surface on a bone where muscle attaches
-On humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A shallow depression
-On the bottom of skull (remove jaw bone) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A groove that allows a nerve or blood vessel to pass
-On femur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A round hole through a bone that allows nerves and blood vessels through
-Large and small on bottom of skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A canal or tunnel through a bone
-On bottom of skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Also a canal or tunnel
-Ear hole (external acoustic meatus) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A narrow slit through a bone
-In orbit of skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A cavity inside of a bone |
|
|
