1. Phospholipid Bilayer 

2. Cholesterol

3. Protein

4. Glycocalyx

• Largest component
• hydrophilic head
• hydrophobic tail
• Selectively permable: ( SOLUABLE AND SMALL MOLECULES )
• forms when water comes in & out 

• Interspersed through bilayer
• Blocks small molecules
• resists hot & cold temp

1. Intergral: binds hydrophobic interiror 
2. Peripheral :lie on either side of the membrane 

• Carbohdyrate 
• Outside of PM
• ( Lubricate Area ) between cells and alllow them to adhere where needed

• It is the plasma membrane 
• Many proteins 
• Mix things up

1. Head = face outside 
2. Tail = 2 fatty acids, face each other

1. Structual support: cytoplasm
2. recognition: attacks cells that isnt theirs (specific)
3. communication: allow for signal 
4. (RECEPTOR):signals molecules
5. transport: ways for specific molecules in & out

Active : Energy is needed to move molecules through PM

Used for nerve and muscle action

Passive : does not need energy to move through PM

ATP is large, Electron is small 

Diffusion : movement from a HIGHER to a LOWER concentration of something

OSMOSIS: movement of WATER molecules from a HIGHER to a LOWER concentration 

1. Hypotonic: LOW concentration < cell = cell SWELLS
2. Isotonic: osmotic pressure and solution equal = cells stays normal
3. Hypertonic: High concentration > cell = shrivels

1. Excergonic : RELEASE large molecules OUT
2. Endergonic : BRING IN large molecules in vescicle 

1. Potential : Energy is stored
2. Kinetic : energy is in motion, produces heat, once it is heat, it will not reform 

1. Energy is neither created nor destoryed, only transferred
2. Energy transfer will always results in a greater amount of disorder 
3. The more, the greater disorder 

1. Entropy: measure of the amount of disorder
2. Heat = disorder 

1. Exergonic : RELEASING (DOWNHILL) 
2. energy > products 
3. starches break down to sugar
4. stored energy is released

1. Endergonic : BRINGS IN 
2. Uphill
3. energy > reactants 
4. ANAbolic: energy goes in to come out 
5. uses energy
6. small to large 

1. Adenosine and phosphate group
2. most important energy trasnfer 
3. energy comes from Phosphate group (-)
4. Production = dehydration & endergonic 
5. 2nd & 3rd = hydrolysis & excergonic
6. hydrolysis to ADP

1. speeds things up
2. reactant to product 
3. lowers activation energy, makes faster