Term
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Definition
| It is an enzyme which cuts lactose in half. |
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Term
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Definition
| It is a membrane protein which allows lactose into the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| It binds to the operator to halt transcription. Lac I lets go when lactose binds to it, allowing transcription to take place. |
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Term
| What is a missense mutation? |
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Definition
| No insertion or deletion, a nucleotide has changed. Codes for wrong amino acid. This falls into the category of point mutation. |
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Term
| What is a nonsense mutation? |
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Definition
| A change in nucleotide which codes for a stop codon. A point mutation. |
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Term
| What is a silent mutation? |
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Definition
| A mutation in which one nucleotide changes but the amino acid doesn't change due to wobble. This is a point mutation. |
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Term
| List some types of mutations |
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Definition
| gain of function, loss of function, temperature sensitive, antibiotic sensitive, etc. |
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Term
| What bond forms between two T's which were exposed to UV light? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| It removes misplaced nucleotides. DNAP has it, RNAP doesn't. |
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Term
| How are errors in DNA replication fixed? |
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Definition
| An enzyme (look it up!) goes through and looks for a bulge where incorrect nucleotides are paired, then takes out a fair sized section of the DNA, then DNA polymerase comes and replaces the section. |
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Term
| What is the draw back of fixing mis-match mutations? |
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Definition
| the DNA polymerase doesn't know which nucleotide is the right one, so it is randomly repaired. If the mutation remains, it is called a stabilized mutation. |
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Term
| The donor donates the DNA of one of five copies of a plasmid. How many plasmids do donor and recipient (single and double stranded) have directly after conjugation? |
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Definition
| The donor will have five plasmids (the new strand is created simultaneously with donation of the old strand) and the recipient will have one single stranded plasmid. |
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Term
| What is a conjugative plasmid? |
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Definition
| A plasmid that contains all the genes in order to create a pilus and all the things important for conjugation. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does DNA helicase do? |
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Definition
| It unwinds the DNA for replication |
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Term
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Definition
| It cuts and rebinds the DNA in order to eliminate kinks during unwinding (remember the rubber band) |
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Term
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Definition
| It adds RNA primers to the lagging strand during DNA replication |
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Term
| What happens when a cell takes in DNA from its environment? What are some requirements? |
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Definition
| The DNA becomes single stranded (the other strand degrades on the way in) and the DNA must combine with the cell's DNA otherwise it degrades. The DNA must be 95%+ similar to combine. RecA allows the DNA to combine. |
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