Give temp, moisture, organism and parcipitation paterns for

tundra

temp - range 28^○C, from - 23 in jan, to 5 in jul, to -17 in dec

moisture- not rlly mentioned :S

organism

• dominant plants - pernnial herb and small shrubs
• speicies richness
  •  
    • plants- low; higher in tropical alipne
    • animals- low; many birds migrate in for summer; a few species of insects aboundant in summer
• soil biota- few speices

precipitiation- annual total: 23 cm

what is the temp, moisture, organsisms and percepiation for

boreal forest, and temperate evergreen forest

temp- range, 41^○C; Jan -25, Jul 14, Dec -23

moisture- winter is cold and dry, sumer is mild and humid

organisms-

• dominant plants - trees, shrubs, and perennial herbs
• speicies richness-
  • plants- low in trees, higher in understory
  • animals- low, but iwth summer peaks in migratory birds
• soil biota- very rich in deep litter layer

precipitation- annual totaly: 31 cm

give temp, moisture, precipitaion and organisms fo

temperate deciduous forest

Temp- range 31^○C; Jan -8, Jul -25, Dec -3

moisture- winter col and snowy, summer warm and moist ;)

precipitation- annual total: 81 cm

organisms

• dominant plants- trees and shrubs
• species richness
  • plants- many tree species in southeastern US and eastern Asia, rich shrub layer
  • animals- rich; many migrant birds, richest amphibian communites on Earth, rich summer insect fauna
• Soil biota- rich

give temp, moisture, preipiation and organsism

forrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr

TEMPERATE GRASSLANDS

:D

temp- range 24○C, jan 0, jul 25, dec 0

moist- winter cold and dry, summer warm and wetter

precipiation- annual total: 31cm

organisms

• dominant plants- perennial grases and forbs
• species richness
  • plants- fairly high
  • animals- relaticely few birds because of simple structure; mammals fairly rich
• soil biota- rich

vat his ze temp, moisture, percipitation, and organisms ut ze

cold desert

temp- range: 23C, jan 0, jul23, dec 3

moisture- winter cold and VERy dry, summer much warmer but still dry. its dry

precipitation- annual total: 38 cm

organisums-

• dominant plants- low gorwing shrubs and herbaceuos plants
• species richness
  • plants- few spiecies
  • animals- rich in seed eatting birds, ants, and rodents; low in all other taxa
• soil biota- poor in species

Temp- range 9.5, jan 25, july 35, dec 28

Moisutre- winter very warm and dry, summer very warm and less dry

preipiation- annual total 15cm

organismss

• dominant plants - many differnt growth forms
• species richness-
  
  • plants- moderantly rich; many annuals
  • animals- very rich in rodents; richest bee communites on EARTH; very rich in repitles and butterflies. aw, thats nice.
• soil biota- poor in spieces. aw, thats sad.

knowith thee shit on chaparral.

re temp, moist, presipiate and organismss

temp- range 7C, jan9, july 16, dec11

moist- winter mild and humid, summer mild and very dry

precipitation- annual total 42cm, no prepication jul-sep

organs

• dominant plants- low-growing shrubs and herbaceous plants
• spiecies richness
  • plants- extreamly high in South Africa and Australis
  • animals- rich in rodents and repiles very rich in insects, espec bees
• soil biota- moderatly rich

quce que ce le Thorn forest and tropical savanna

for precipiation, temp, orgies and moist

temp- range 10.7C, jan 26, (peak in april - may 36C), jul 30, dec 20

moist- winter mild and very dry, summer is very vet, but not much warmer than winter

precipiation- anual total 74 cm, dry spells jan - april, tons in summer

organisms

• dominant plants - shrubs and small tress; grass
• species richness-
  
  • plants- moderate in thorn forest; low in savanna
  • aniamls- rich mammal faunas; moderately rich in birds, repitles and insects
• soil biota- rich

know ya shit for tropical deciduous forest

temp and moisture and precipation and organisms

temp- range 5.4, jan 23, (peak in feb, march 27), jul 23, dec 23

moist- winter very hot and dry, summer hot and wet. rar.

precipiation- an tot: 163, none dec-feb. TONS in aug.

organism-

• dominant plants- decidous trees
• species richness
  • plants- moderatly rich in tree speices
  • animals- rich mammal, bird, reptile, and amphiban communites
• soil biota- rich, but poorly known

tropilca evergreen forest.

do it.

temp, moist, presip, orgiansm

temp- range 2.2C, jan 21, jul 18, dec 21

moist- weather warm and rainy all year long

precipiation - anual tot 262 cm

organ

• dominant plant- trees and vines
• species richness
  
  • plants- extreamly high (think 4:20)
  • animals- extrealy high in mamms, bird, amphibians and antropds
  • soil biota- very rich but porrly known

faculative interactions - range would not change b/c indiviudals can get rsources and habitat from somewhere else or soem otehr spices

obilagate interactions- would have one of three sennarios

1. (=) no change in ranges if the spices have the same ecologica ltolerance
2. (<) range decrease when one partner has limiting resources
3. (>) range incrases when one parteer supplies limimting resources

ecologists examined the interactions between three spiecs of black birds (a,b,c) by monitory the abundance of each in 4 locations. examine the graphs below and dtermine which kind of spieces interaction most likely affects the abundance of A

[image][image]

continental drift

glaciations

mountain building

decreases

increase

a palatable species may mimic an upalatable or noxious one

eg butterflies mimic looks of unpalatable ones

air rises when it is heated by the sun, so warm air rises in tropics, which recice greatest solar engery input

(i dont know if this is right)

number of inidivuduals

area

growth

(Nt+1)= Nt + B-D +I-E

(wasnt answer given)

but im thinking bringing invasive speiceise in and such?

small extinction rates high

competition high

restricted for resoruces

easier for things to change

**

relative youth and geogrpahical isolation

small size and distinct boundaries

simplifed biota and tameness of island inhabitants

it is the tendency- contested by some- for small mammals to become larger and for large mammals to beomce smaller

reduced predation on ilands might release animals from being either very large, to defend themselves against predators, or very small, to hide from predators. Intermediate body size also might be more favourable energetically, allowing the maxiumum allocation of engery to growth and repoduction. According to this theorym selection would push mammals in the direction of the optimum, intermeditae, size, but this would be countered by competitve and predaroty pressures that are stronger in more speicies-rich mainland settings.

competiton (overlapping graphs)

competing for resouces,

overlapping abundance disrtributions

one spiecse could go extinict, work together to adapt

niche evolve to selct unique haitat/ resources to increase fitness

reduce (-) effects of competion

extinction rates highest on small islands far from mainland

immigration rates lowest on large islands far from mainland

highest species richnes found on large islands near mainland

table with pop dynamcis values

use eqt'n to fill in , then graph

o   Ask q’s about info

§  Is pop at carrying capacity?

§  Which pop of invasive species could you manage?

§  Pop that is increasing?

§  (pop at carrying capacity already established in habitat ; has adapted to environment; pop that is increasing would be significantly damaged)