Term
1. The scientific study of life is called:
A. biology
B. ecology
C. anatomy
D. biochemistry E. limnology |
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Definition
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Term
2. A complex individual that consists of organ systems is known as a/an
A. community. B. population. C. organism. D. tissue.
E. species. |
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Definition
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Term
3. All of the ecosystems on the planet together are called the
A. atmosphere. B. hydrosphere. C. biosphere. D. lithosphere. E. stratosphere. |
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Definition
Biosphere
The biosphere is the sphere that contains all life, made up of all Earth's ecosystems. |
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Term
4. In a swamp, all of the alligators would represent a/an
A. organism. B. population. C. community. D. ecosystem. E. biosphere. |
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Definition
Population
The alligators in a swamp are all members of one species and belong to a population. |
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Term
6. The region in which populations interact with each other and with the physical environment is called
A. an entity.
B. an ecosystem. C. a biosystem. D. a community. E. a biosphere. |
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Definition
Ecosytem
An ecosystem includes populations of organisms interacting with each other and the physical environment. |
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Term
| 5. Organisms are composed of multiple cells. TF |
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Definition
False
Some organisms are single cells. |
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Term
7. All of the changes that occur from the time an egg is fertilized through childhood, adolescence and adulthood are called
A. metabolism. B. evolution.
C. homeostasis. D. reproduction. E. development. |
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Definition
Development
Development includes the changes that occur in an organism throughout a lifetime. |
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Term
8. Which of the following statements most correctly defines homeostasis?
A. All living organisms are alike.
B. Living organisms do not change much over time.
C. Human beings and other animals acquire materials and energy when they eat food. D. It takes energy to maintain the organization of the cell.
E. Cells and organisms must be able to maintain a fairly constant internal environment. |
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Definition
E.
Homeostasis is the ability of living things to maintain an internal environment that operates under specific conditions. |
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Term
9. Viruses are not considered alive. Which of the following characteristics of living things do they lack?
A. Living things reproduce.
B. Living things have an evolutionary history. C. Living things grow and develop. |
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Definition
C.
Viruses can reproduce in that they make copies of themselves and they do have an evolutionary history. Viruses do not grow and develop. |
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Term
10. Four million years ago, horses were rather small compared to today's horses and had relatively stocky bodies with a straight shoulder and thick neck. This statement is an example of which biological concept?
A. metabolism B. evolution
C. development D. homeostasis E. reproduction |
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Definition
B
Evolution is the process by which a species changes through time. |
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Term
11. Which of the following is not a basic characteristic of all living things?
A. Living things are organized.
B. Living things acquire materials and energy.
C. Living things contain a nucleus and organelles. D. Living things reproduce.
E. Living things grow and develop. |
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Definition
C.
Not all living things have a nucleus and organelles. |
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Term
12. The face of a sunflower turns to follow the sun as it moves across the sky. This is an example of
A. metabolism.
B. homeostasis.
C. response to stimuli. D. development.
E. reproduction. |
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Definition
C.
Movement in response to sunlight is an example of response to an external stimulus. |
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Term
13. Choose the CORRECT order (1-5) of increasing complexity/organization.
A. (1) tissues, (2) organ systems, (3) cells, (4) organs, (5) organism B. (1) cells, (2) organ systems, (3) tissues, (4) organs, (5) organism C. (1) tissues, (2) organs, (3) organ systems, (4) cells, (5) organism D. (1) cells, (2) tissues, (3) organs, (4) organ systems, (5) organism E. (1) organism, (2) organ systems, (3) organs, (4) tissues, (5) cells |
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Definition
D.
The levels of organization include: (1) cells, (2) tissues, (3) organs, (4) organ systems, (5) organism. |
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Term
14. The process of change that produces the diversity of life on Earth is called
A. evolution.
B. homeostasis.
C. levels of organization. D. biological classification. E. molecular diversification. |
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Definition
A
Evolution is the process of change that produces the diversity of life on Earth. |
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Term
15. The development of resistance of MRSA bacteria to antibiotics is an example of
A. homeostasis. B. metabolism. C. evolution.
D. reproduction. E. organization. |
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Definition
C
Resistance in MRSA is an example of adaptation and evolution. |
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Term
16. Fish have scales that enable them to live in a water environment. This is an example of
A. homeostasis.
B. adaptation.
C. metabolism.
D. development.
E. cellular organization |
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Definition
B
Adaptation provides members of a population with a better chance for survival. Fish scales are an adaptation to their environment. |
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Term
17. The Domain Eukarya contain(s) ______ kingdom(s).
A. one B. two C. three D. four E. five |
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Definition
D
The four kingdoms in Domain Eukarya include: plants, fungi, animals, and protists. |
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Term
18. Traditions, beliefs, and values are considered what aspect of human life?
A. communicative B. cultural
C. instructional
D. biological
E. chemical |
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Definition
B
Cultural activities of humans include traditions, beliefs, and values. |
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Term
19. The cell you are examining under the microscope appears to contain a nucleus. This organism belongs to the domain
A. Bacteria. B. Archaea. C. Eukarya. |
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Definition
C
Only domain Eukarya contains organisms that contain a nucleus. |
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Term
20. Which organisms are most closely related to humans?
A. spiders
B. earthworms C. parakeets D. meerkats E. snakes |
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Definition
D.
All of these are animals. Only snakes, parakeets, and meerkats are vertebrates. Only meerkats are mammals, therefore meerkats are the most closely related to humans. |
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Term
21. A species has been discovered that is able to live in boiling hot springs. This organism most likely belongs to the domain
A. Archaea. B. Bacteria. C. Eukarya. |
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Definition
A
Archaea live in extreme environments. |
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Term
| 22. Humans evolved from apes. TF |
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Definition
False
Today's apes are our evolutionary cousins. Humans did not evolve from apes. |
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Term
| 23. Today's apes are our evolutionary cousins. Humans did not evolve from apes. TF |
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Definition
True
Humans are the only animals with this capacity. |
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Term
24. Humans clear forests to grow crops, and they build houses and cities. What are these an example of?
A. how humans modify the biosphere
B. how humans preserve ecosystems
C. the high value humans place on biodiversity
D. the positive impact of humans on life on Earth
E. how humans do not need the rest of life on Earth |
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Definition
A
These are an example of how humans modify the biosphere, often to their own detriment. |
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Term
| 25. Humans are part of the biosphere and must live in harmony with it if we are to survive as a species. TF |
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Definition
TRUE
All living things on Earth are part of the biosphere. We are dependent on the rest of the biosphere and must preserve it. |
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Term
| 26. Humans have identified and named almost all of the almost 15 million species on Earth. |
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Definition
FALSE
Humans have only identified and named under 2 million species on Earth. |
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Term
27. ________ observations are supported by factual information while _______ observations involve personal judgment.
A. Subjective/analytical B. Objective/analytical C. Objective/subjective D. Objective/hypothetical E. Subjective/theoretical |
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Definition
C
Objective observations are supported by factual information while subjective observations involve personal judgment. |
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Term
28. Which of the following statements is an objective observation?
A. This milk tastes funny.
B. This package is larger than that one. C. I like this picture.
D. This mattress feels hard to me.
E. I think I am going to be sick. |
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Definition
B.
Only the observation that one package is larger than another is objective--it can be measured. The rest of the statements rely on personal opinion. |
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Term
29. What is the unifying principle of the biological sciences?
A. Technology B. Anatomy
C. Biochemistry D. Taxonomy E. Evolution |
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Definition
E.
The unifying principle of the biological sciences is evolution. |
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Term
30. The tentative explanation to be tested is called
A. a theory.
B. a hunch.
C. a hypothesis. D. the data.
E. the conclusion. |
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Definition
C.
The hypothesis is a tentative explanation to be tested. |
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Term
31. The information collected during the experiment or observation is called
A. a theory.
B. a hunch.
C. the hypothesis. D. the data.
E. the conclusion. |
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Definition
D.
Data includes the information collected during the experiment or an observation. |
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Term
32. Which of the following is not a basic theory of biology?
A. Theory of ecosystems B. Celltheory
C. Gene theory
D. Theory of evolution
E. Theory of gravity |
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Definition
E.
The theory of gravity is not a biological theory. The law of gravity is found in physics. |
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Term
33. The cause of stomach ulcers appears to be
A. excess stomach acid.
B. the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. C. drinking too much coffee.
D. extreme stress.
E. diets rich in meat products. |
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Definition
B
The bacterium Helicobacter pylori is a major contributor to stomach ulcers. |
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Term
34. Which of the following statements is a hypothesis?
A. If students buy the university meal plan, then they will eat more vegetables. B. Ginny gained 5 lbs her freshman year.
C. Blake failed the test.
D. There are more calories in french fries than in colas.
E. I like my biology class better than my other classes. |
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Definition
A.
If/then statements are often hypotheses. The other statements do not propose something that can be tested. |
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Term
| If/then statements are often hypotheses. The other statements do not propose something that can be tested. |
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Definition
B
In a double-blind study, neither the patient nor the examiner is aware of whether the patient is receiving a treatment. |
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Term
36. In an experiment designed to test the effect of temperature on goldfish respiration, the temperatures that were changed represent what type of variable?
A. control
B. responding C. experimental D. correlative E. placebo |
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Definition
C
The temperatures are being changed by the researchers and are called the experimental variables. |
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Term
37. The purpose of informed consent is
A. to determine whether a patient is acceptable for a particular study.
B. to ensure that the doctor does not know which patient is receiving the treatment. C. to decide whether a patient goes into the test group or the control group.
D. to ensure the patient knows the risks and is volunteering.
E. to determine whether the treatment works. |
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Definition
D.
Informed consent ensures that subjects know details about the research and that their participation is voluntary. |
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Term
| 38. If the control group in an experiment shows the same results as the test group, the treatment was successful. |
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Definition
FALSE
If the control and test group show the same results, the treatment has no effect and the experiment is invalid. |
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Term
| 39. To make all subjects think they are receiving the same treatment, patients in the control group can receive a placebo. |
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Definition
TRUE
A placebo is a treatment that appears to be the same as that administered to the test group but contains no medication. |
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Term
40. One of the difficulties with publication of research in scientific journals is that it
A. is technical and may be difficult for a layperson to read. B. is often out of context or misunderstood.
C. is unverified and usually not referenced.
D. displays bias.
E. is designed to convince readers to purchase a product. |
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Definition
A.
Scientific journals are often technical and difficult to read and understand for those outside of the field. |
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Term
41. Which of the following URLs would you perhaps distrust in writing a scientific paper?
A. .com B. .gov C. .edu D. .org |
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Definition
A
URLs that end in .com often represent companies that are intending to sell you a product and may not present trustworthy information. |
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Term
| 42. An important part of scientific research is repeatability.TF |
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Definition
TRUE
Another scientist should be able to repeat the experiment in a different location and get the same, or very similar, results. |
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Term
43. The standard error tells
A. how often the examiner made an error.
B. how often the experimental variable was tested.
C. the relationship between the control and test groups.
D. whether or not the research has been published in a scientific journal. E. how uncertain a particular value is. |
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Definition
E.
The standard error is a statistical term that tells how uncertain a particular value is. |
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Term
| 44. A probability value of less than 5% in a scientific study is acceptable. |
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Definition
TRUE
This is acceptable, but keep in mind that the lower the p value, the less likely that results are due to chance. |
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Term
45. Which of the following is an example of correlation without causation?
A. HPV can cause cervical cancer.
B. Illegal drug use causes an increase in crime.
C. Helicobacter pylori can cause ulcers.
D. People who commit crimes also consume bread. E. Parents have children. |
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Definition
D.
Many people consume bread and consuming bread does not make you commit crimes. |
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Term
46. In a graph, the experimental variable is plotted on the A. x axis.
B. y axis. |
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Definition
A
The experimental variable is plotted on the x or horizontal axis. |
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Term
| The experimental variable is plotted on the x or horizontal axis. |
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Definition
NO
No, this is anecdotal, or testimonial evidence, and is not scientifically reliable. |
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Term
48. Choose the following interest group that should be held most responsible for the future roles of new scientific technologies.
A. Scientists
B. Politicians
C. Clergy
D. Professionals E. Everyone |
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Definition
E
Everyone should be held responsible for the future roles of new scientific technologies. |
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Term
49. In conducting a review of the literature on the Internet, which of the following sources would be the least reliable?
A. The Centers of Disease Control B. The Cystic Fibrosis Foundation C. The National Institute of Health D. The Pasteur Institute
E. Astrology and Medicine |
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Definition
E.
The source Astrology and Medicine would be the least reliable. |
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Term
50. After studying biology, it is hoped that you
A. will become an animal rights activist.
B. will be better able to make wise decisions regarding your own well being and the Earth's. C. will get a high paying job as a biologist.
D. will understand all there is to know about humans and biology.
E. will dislike anything to do with biology. |
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Definition
B
After studying biology, it is hoped that you will be better able to make wise decisions regarding your own well- being and the Earth's. |
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Term
| 51. Technology is the application of scientific knowledge to the interests of humans. TF |
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Definition
TRUE
Technology, the application of scientific knowledge, offers us ways to improve our lives. |
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Term
52. Scientists who have a financial stake in a company are now required to state that when they do research. This is an example of
A. ethics in science.
B. financialplanning.
C. a new business model.
D. a biotechnology revolution. E. statisticalsignificance. |
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Definition
A
A scientist who has a vested interest in the success of a product may not be honest in evaluating that product. This is an example of ethics in science. |
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Term
53. Which of the following statements explains the atomic bomb and the benefit of nuclear physics to cancer therapy?
A. Science and technology are not risk free.
B. Science and technology are wrong.
C. Science and technology are good for mankind. D. Science and technology are value-neutral. |
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Definition
A
There are often risks and benefits to science and technology. |
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