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| Assyrian Captivity of Northern Israel |
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| Babylonian Captivity of Judah |
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| The Rebuilding of the Temple |
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| Conquests of Alexander the Great |
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| Ptolemaic Control of Judah |
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| Seleucid Control of Judah |
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| Maccabean Period of Israel's history |
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| Rome invades and takes over Judah |
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| The Romans destroy Jerusalem and the Temple |
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Collection of 972 Hebrew biblical manuscripts
Found in the caves above the town of Khirbet Qumran |
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Writings from the intertestamental period
Contained historical works, fictional works, and wisdom writing. |
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Greek translation of the OT
was popular among Jews for whom Hebrew had become a dead language |
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| the movement, migration, or scattering of people away from an established or ancestral homeland |
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| being banned from a city or a place |
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| Consequences of Alexander the Great's Rule |
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Definition
Greek Language
Greek Culture
Building of Cities
Proliferation of Greek Polytheism |
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| Consequences of Roman Rule |
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Definition
Roman Road System
Pax Romana
Roman Legal System
Roman Taxes
Roman Emperor Cult |
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| Abomination of Desolation |
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Definition
Antiochus Epiphanes IV did 3 things:
Defaced Holy of Holies
Puts up a picture of Zeus with his own face
Sacrifices a pig in Holy of Holies
**pig was most un-kosher food** |
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| "the coming of the Greek culture" |
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| Jewish feast in which the story of Jews' resistance to their Seleucid oppressors is told |
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lived just north of Jerusalem
revised the Hebrew Scriptures to promote thier own place in history
sabotaged the tample in Jerusalem during Passover |
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people who were invested in social position and the benefits of the political architecture of the country under Rome.
**Many priests were likely Sadducees** |
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all male
apocalyptic people
hid dead sea scrolls |
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| people who were committed to purity laws and the religious restoration of the country. |
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| an assembly of twenty-three judges appointed in every city in the Biblical Land of Israel |
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| "How do we explain the similarities and differences of Matthew, Mark, and Luke?" |
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| A collection of sayings of Jesus that Matthew and Luke used and Mark did not use |
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located at the base of Mt. Hermon
This is where Peter identified Jesus as the Messiah. |
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| 2 Basic Purposes of Text Criticism |
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Definition
1) Reconstruct the Original autographs of the NT documents
2) Retrace the history of the transmission of the NT documents |
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| literal definition of autograph |
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Definition
| auto/graph = self/writing |
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| A plant that was smoothed out and used as paper |
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| original word for the first books (literally the first book that was not a scroll) |
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(106-48 BC); one of Rome's most celebrated commanders in the first century BC.
Conquered Jerusalem in 63 BC
demanded entrance into the Most Holy Place |
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authored three main books that we get historical information from:
1) Jewish Wars
2) Jewish Antiquities
3) Against Apion |
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King of Persia (550-530 BC)
allowed rebuilding of the temple
book of Esther probably takes place during his reign |
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led the first group of Jews who returned from Babylonian Captivity in the first year of Cyrus's reign.
In charge of rebuilding the temple |
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Destroyed temple in Jerusalem in 586 BC.
Took the sacred vessels of the temple and presented them as a part of his spoils of war. |
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Attacked Jerusalem in 167 BC out of anger and executed many Jews.
Restored Menelaus |
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Gained the nickname "Maccabeus" (hammer) when he took over for his father.
Acclaimed as one of the greatest warriors in Jewish history. |
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| brother of Judas Maccabeus; ruled after Judas |
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| client king of Judaea who rebuilt the Second Temple (in Jerusalem) into his own temple |
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| judge at Jesus' trial; authorized the crucifixion of Jesus |
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betrayed Jesus for 30 pieces of silver
identified Jesus by kissing him on the cheek |
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empire came into existence after the death of Alexander.
took over Judah before the Romans did. |
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| 70 Jewish scholars were commissioned for translation during the Ptolemaic control of Judah. This is where we get the Septuagint (70 in Greek) |
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