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Definition
what makes people like each other and is influence by multiple factors
- physical attractiveness
- similarity of attitudes, intelligence, education, height, age, religion, appearance and socioeconomic status
- self-disclosure
- reciprocity
- proximity
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| includes sharing fears, thoughts, and goals with another person and being met with empathy and nonjudgement; increases interpersonal attraction |
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| we like people who we think like us; increases interpersonal attraction |
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| being physically close to someone; increases interpersonal attraction |
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| a physical, verbal, or nonverbal behavior with the intention to cause harm or increase social dominance |
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| cognitive neoassociation model |
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Definition
| we are more likely to respond to others aggressively whenever we are feeling negative emotions such as being tired, sick, in pain |
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Definition
an emotional bond to another person, and usually refers to the bond between a child and a caregiver, there are 4 types
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Definition
| requires a consistent caregiver so the child is able to go out and explore, knowing he or she has a secure base to return to; the child will show strong preference for the caregiver |
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| occurs when a caregiver has little or no response to a distressed, crying child; the child shows no preference for the caregiver compared to strangers |
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| occures when a caregiver has an inconsistent response to a child's distress, sometimes responding appropriately, sometimes neglectful; the child will become distressed when caregiver leaves and is ambivalent when he or she returns |
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| occurs when a caregiver is erratic or abusive; the child shows now clear pattern of behavior in response to caregiver's absence or presence and may show repetitive behaviors |
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Term
social support
What are the 5 types? |
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Definition
the perception or reality that one is cared for by a social network
- emotional support - empathizing with someone
- esteem support - affirms qualities/skills of a person
- material support - money or resources
- informational support - information
- network support - provide a sense of belonging
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Term
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Definition
selection of a mate based on attraction and traits
- observable traits
- indicator traits
- genetic compatibility
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Definition
| a form of helping behavior in which the person's intent is to benefit someone else at some cost to him- or herself |
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Definition
| attempts to explain decision-making between individual as if they are participating in a game |
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| a measure of an organism's success in the population that is based on the number of offspring, success in supporting offspring, and the ability of offspring to then support others |
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| aka social cognition; the way by which we generate impressions about people in our social environment; it contains a perceiver, his target, and the situation or social context of the scenario |
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| implicit personality theory |
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Definition
| states that people make assumptions about how different types of people, their traits, and behavior are related |
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| How does the primacy effect impact our perceptions of others? |
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Definition
| the first impression made is more important than subsequent impressions and other interactions after the first will be framed in light of the first |
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| How does the recency effect impact our perceptions of others? |
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Definition
| the most recent information we have about an individual is most important in forming our impressions |
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| reliance on central traits |
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Definition
| the tendency to organize the perceptions of others based on traits and personal characteristics that matter to the perceiver |
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Definition
| when judgments of an individual's character can be affected by the overall impression of the individual |
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| belief that good things happen to good people and bad things to bad people |
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Definition
| refers to the fact that individuals will view their own successes as being based on internal factors, while viewing failures as being based on external factors |
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Term
attribution theory
What are the two kinds of attribution? |
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Definition
focuses on the tendency for individuals to infer the causes of other people's behavior
- dispositional (internal) causes are those that relate to the characteristics of the person whose behavior is being evaluated
- situational (external) causes are related to the features of the surroundings or social context
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Term
| correspondent inference theory |
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Definition
| used to describe attributions made by observing the intentional (especially unexpected) behaviors performed by another person |
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Term
| fundamental attribution error |
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Definition
| the bias toward making dispositional attributions rather than situational attributions in regard to the actions of others |
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Definition
| occurs when individuals must make complex judgements but subsitute a simpler solution or heuristic |
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Definition
| occur when attitudes and impressions are made based on limited and superficial information about a person or a group of individuals |
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Definition
| confirmation of a stereotype due to conditions created by the expectations resulting from the stereotype |
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| concern or anxiety about confimring negative stereotoypes about one's social group |
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| an irrational positie or negative attitude toward a person, group, or thing prior to an actual experience |
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| the practice of making judgments about other culturs based on the values and beliefs of one's own culture |
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| the recognition that social groups and cultures should be studied on their own terms |
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| when prejudicial attitudes caues individuals of a particular group to be treated differently from others |
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