Recording how many times Pete Davidson 

goes to get his tattoos removed:

A. Direct measurement

B. Indirect measurement

Using the number of books read in a year 

to measure reading is an example of:

A. Direct measurement

B. Indirect measurement

^{B. Indirect measurement}Momentary Time Sampling

Observing a client during community 

outings to collect data on dangerous 

behavior that occurs at home, school, and 

the community:

A. Complete observation

B. Incomplete observation

Discontinuous Measurement

B. Incomplete observation

• Collaborating with a family to observe

during dinner, where challenging feeding

behaviors are reported to occur:

A. Complete observation

B. Incomplete observation

A. Complete observation 

Designed to record all instances of a behavior

Recording the duration of reading your

teenage daughter engages in after school

is an example of:

A. Direct measurement

B. Indirect measurement

A. Direct measurement

Duration 

Tobias starts his observation of George Michael 

at 12pm. He records how often George Michael 

says “um” in social conversations. He ends his 

observation at 2p and records 20 incidents. 

Tobias is conducting:

A. Event recording

B. IRT recording

C. Latency recording

D. Duration recording

A. Event recording

Record start time of observation

Record end time

Tobias starts his observation of George Michael 

at 12p. He records that George Michael talks 

with Maeby at 12:30p and ends the conversation 

at 12:33p. Tobias is conducting:

A. Event recording

B. IRT recording

C. Latency recording

D. Duration recording

D. Duration recording

Total amount of time for EACH episode

Tobias records that Michael says Ann (who?) at 

1:15p. Tobias then records that Michael says 

Ann again (who again?) at 2p. Tobias is 

conducting:

A. Event recording

B. IRT recording

C. Latency recording

D. Duration recording

B. IRT recording

Start recording at the END of one response

• Stop recording at the BEGINNING of the second

response

You’ve been asked to consult in a family 

home where both parents are immediately ready to help with interventions. The behavior happens at low rates, and there should be no 

problem with recording “booger eating.”

• A. IRT

• B. Duration

• C. Rate

• D. Whole Interval Recording

C. Rate

– Includes a clear beginning and end

M

• Divide count by unit of time

• Report out as rate

EVENT RECORDING 

What kind of measure should we use?

• I want to measure my yoga practice. I start a 

timer at the beginning of my routine, and stop 

the timer at the end of the session following 

corpse pose.

• A. IRT

• B. Duration

• C. Rate

• D. Latency

• B. Duration

 Total amount of time individual engages in behavior

 What kind of measure should we use?

• Within 2 seconds of telling McKayla that 

she can’t have the toy, she begins hitting 

her head on the ground rapidly.

• A. IRT

• B. Duration

• C. Rate

• D. Latency

 ^{D. Latency}

^{Start recording from stimulus to response}

^{• Important!}

^{– Need a clear DEFINITION of when to start}

^{and stop time}

Empiricism involves observation,

A. Experimentation, and replication

B. Evolution, and reproduction

C. Narration, and justification

D. Documentation, and publication

.A. Experimentation, and replication

ASR Peter hits Paul 5 times

per hour

A. Latency

B. Duration

C. Count

D. Rate

E. IRT

F. Celeration12

D. Rate

ASR Paul tantrums for 15 minutes

after being hit. This time spent

engaging in a tantrum is what:

A. Latency

B. Duration

C. Count

D. Rate

E. IRT

F. Celeration14

B. Duration

ASR Peter hits Paul at 1:13pm, then

he hits Paul again at 1:45pm. This time

between hitting is what:

A. Latency

B. Duration

C. Count

D. Rate

E. IRT

F. Celeration16

ASR Peter hit Paul at 1:13pm, Paul began 

his tantrum at 1:14pm. This time from 

Paul getting hit and starting his tantrum 

is what:

A. Latency

B. Duration

C. Count

D. Rate

E. IRT

F. Celeration18

A. Latency

Peter hit Paul 14 times last week and

28 times this week. This increase in

rate over time is what:

A. Latency

B. Duration

C. Count

D. Rate

E. IRT

F. Celeration

Paul hit Peter 50 times. This is 

what:

A. Latency

B. Duration

C. Count

D. Rate

E. IRT

F. Celeration22

C. COUNT

A behavior takes up an amount of

time. This represents the

fundamental property of:

A.Temporal Locus

B.Temporal Extent

C.Repeatability

B.Temporal Extent

A single response occurs at a

single point in time, thus the

fundamental property of:

A.Temporal Locus

B.Temporal Extent

C.Repeatability

A.Temporal Locus locus =

location (in time)

A response can occur more than

once:

A.Temporal Locus

B.Temporal Extent

C.Repeatability

C.Repeatability

I want to increase the amount of time I

spend on the treadmill. I should

measure_____

A.Duration

B.Latency

C.Count

D.Rate

E.IRT

F.Celeration

 I want to know how productive you are

at work. I'm going to count the

number of progress notes you submit

each week. This is an example of:

A.Duration

B. Latency

C.Count

D.Rate

E. IRT

F. Celeration

D.Rate (# of reports/week)

ASR

Observing a child in math class to collect data on 

disruptive behavior which occurs throughout the 

school day would be an example of a(n):

A. Complete observation

B. Incomplete observation

B. Incomplete observation

ASR

Working with a family on bedtime routines which 

results in aggressive behavior, and coming to the 

house each evening for a week would be an example 

of a(n):

A. Complete observation

B. Incomplete observation

A. Complete observation

ASR

Recording the number of times a student 

refuses to comply with a teacher 

request and dividing by the number of 

requests the teacher makes while 

targeting defiance is an example of :

A. Direct measurement

B. Indirect measurement

Jim starts his observation of Dwight at 10AM.

He records the number of times Dwight picks

up the telephone. He ends his observation at

10:30AM, and records 4 calls. Jim is

conducting:

A. Event recording

B. IRT recording

C. Latency recording

D. Duration recording

A. Event recording

ASR

Jim records that Pam transfers a call to 

Dwight’s desk at exactly 11AM and Dwight 

answers the phone at 11:03AM. Jim is 

conducting:

A. Event recording

B. IRT recording

C. Latency recording

D. Duration recording

 C. Latency recording

Jim records that Dwight ends a phone call at

10:15AM. Jim then records that Dwight makes

another phone call at 10:35AM. Jim is

conducting:

A. Event recording

B. IRT recording

C. Latency recording

D. Duration recording

ASR

A BCBA has been referred to work with a child who

engages in elopement – running out of the

classroom. This behavior typically occurs 1-2 times a day, but it can take between 10 minutes and 2 hours to get the child back in the classroom. Which

measure might be best to use?

A. Event recording

B. IRT recording

C. Latency recording

D. Duration recording

D. Duration recording

ASR

A BCaBA has been referred to work with a child who

is struggling in school. Initial observations reveal

that when independent seat work is assigned, the

child often stares out of the window for several

minutes before beginning to work. Which measure

might be best to use?

A. Event recording

B. IRT recording

C. Latency recording

D. Duration recording

C. Latency recording

ASR

A BCaBA has been referred to work with a child who

is struggling in school. Initial observations reveal

that when independent seat work is assigned, the

child often stares out of the window for several

minutes before beginning to work. Which measure

might be best to use?

A. Event recording

B. IRT recording

C. Latency recording

D. Duration recording

C. Latency recording

Therelateddimensionalquantityfor

repeatability is:

A. Latency

B. Duration

C. Count

D. Celeration

_recording:recordingprocedurethat

involves measuring the amount of time from the beginning to the end of the behavior of interest

A. Event

B. IRT

C. Latency

D. Duration

Leslie works at the local government office and wants to improve productivity amongst her staff. She collects data on all the staff member’s current productivity and then gathers data after introducing individual goals for each staff member. Which part of the scenario provides evidence of replication?

A. The systematic introduction of the procedure with

ongoing data collection

B. Setting individual goals

C. Assessment across each staff member

C. Assessment across each staff member

Replication

• An experiment

• Part of an experiment

• Altering some piece of an experiment

Julio sneezes a few seconds after dust flies in his face. This relates to which properyof behavior?

A. Repeatability

B. Temporal locus

C. Temporal extent

B. Temporal locus

Responses occur at a point in time

Janice taps her finger on her keyboard. This

behavior may reoccur throughout a day. This

relates to which property of behavior?

A. Repeatability

B. Temporal locus

C. Temporal extent

A. Repeatability ^{Responses can re-occur}

Joey uses the vacuum cleaner in his apartment

for 20 minutes. This relates to which property

of behavior?

A. Repeatability

B. Temporal locus

C. Temporal extent

C. Temporal extent

Responses occupy time

Cheryl looked through her social media nine

times across three hours. On average, she spends

7 minutes scrolling through the app. What is the

rate of this behavior?

A. 9

B. 3 times per hour

C. 63 minutes

D. 7 minutes

B. 3 times per hour

9 divided by 3 hours

Phillip begins to complain two seconds after

being asked to complete a task. He continues

complaining for 10 minutes. He complained three

times per day last week and six times per day this

week. What is the celeration of this behavior?

A. Doubling

B. 2 seconds

C. 10 minutes

D. Decelerating by half

A. Doubling

Leo stands up from his chair 12 times across 2

hours. On one occasion, he stays standing for 8

minutes. What is the average interresponse time

of this behavior?

A. 12

B. 6 times per hour

C. 8 minutes

D. 10 minutes

D. 10 minutes (Total Time / Count)

Phillip begins to complain two seconds after being

asked to complete a task. He continues complaining

for 10 minutes. He complained three times per day

last week and six times per day this week. What is

the latency of the first response?

A. Doubling

B. 2 seconds

C. 10 minutes

D. Decelerating by half

Rudy kicks and screams five times across two

hours. At the start of the session, Rudy kicked

and screamed for 8 minutes. He then kicked and

screamed 5 minutes later. What is the duration of

the first response?

A. 5 times

B. 2.5 times per hour

C. 8 minutes

D. 5 minutes

_{C. 8 minutes}

When yo use IRT

Measure time between two successive instances of

behavior ecording 

Use when

• Responses distributed across observation period

• No significant outliers

• Know rate

– Don’t use when

• Responses grouped at one point of observation interval

• Significant outliers

Event recording

– Count each instance of the behavior

– Convert to rate

Use when

• Free operants

• Response clear beginning, end

– Don’t use when

• High rate

• Non-discrete

• Long duration

• Discrete trials

• When accuracy important

WHEN TO USE Latency recording

– Measure time between antecedent and target

behavior

Use when

• Time between opportunity to respond and actual

respond is the primary concern

– Consideration

• Determine when exactly to start/stop timer

• Will not provide info concerning accuracy

When to use  Duration recording

Measure time from beginning to endof target behavior

Types

• Total duration

• Duration per occurrence

– Use when

• Behavior occurs for long periods

• Length of response is primary concern

– Considerations

• Difficult to define clear start/stop

Sai cooked a meal Tuesday evening. Sai then

cooked again 12 hours later for breakfast. This

is an example of which dimensional quantity?

IRT 

B) Celeration

ASRs

• Fin is training for a marathon. He wants to know how many miles he 

can run in an hour. What should he measure?

A) Rate

B) Latency 

C) Duration 

D) Count

ASR

When would we use duration recording?

When would we use duration recording?

• When the length of a response is of primary concern. Keep in mind the 

behavior must occur for long periods of time. 

• Increase duration? - getting more hours of sleep over night, time spent 

exercising

• Decrease duration? – time spent on reading articles, writing reports?

Recording procedure that involves measuring the AMOUNT OF TIME 

from the beginning to the end of the behavior of interest. 

• Example: time spent exercising 

• Non-example: time between exercises (rest period)

When would we use latency recording?

• When the time between the opportunity to respond and the actual response is the

primary concern.

• Decrease latency when I want a child to “FREEZE” immediately when I say “FREEZE”, so

they don’t run into the road

• What about increasing latency? Is there ever a time this might be important?

• How about when someone is asked a question and they immediately answer versus

taking some time to think. “Will you move in with me”

• Waiting some time before you take a bite of hot food

• When we are concerned about the time between responses

• Interest can be increasing time between responses (as in time between 

cigarettes)

• Interest can be decreasing time between responses (as in time between bites at 

mealtime)

Recording procedure that involves measuring the AMOUNT OF TIME

between two successive instances of the behavior of interest.Recording procedure that involves measuring the AMOUNT OF TIME

between two successive instances of the behavior of interest.

Recording procedure that involves COUNTING every instance of the

behavior of interest and CONVERTING it to RATE.

• Formula: Count/unit of time

• How to: Write down when observation begins, count # of responses, record

time observation ends, convert, report as rate

When would we use event recording?

When measuring free operants

• When the response has a clear beginning and end

ASRs

• John is investing in his health. He is increasing his exercise. John hired a personal trainer to help him with his workout. It’s very important that he

responds immediately after each instruction the PT delivers in order get all his work outs into the 60-minute session. Given the information

provided above which dimensions are relevant?

Latency – Why? And what part?

It’s very important that he responds immediately after each instruction