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| Substance that tastes sour, reacts with metal and carbonates, has pH less than 7 and turns blue litmus paper red |
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| smallest particle of element |
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| average mass of one atom of an element |
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| number of protons in nucleus of atom |
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| substance that tastes bitter, feels slippery, has pH greater than 7 and turns red litmus paper blue |
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| energy rich organic compound made of elements of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
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| complex carbohydrate found in plants |
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| force that holds atoms togetehr |
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| change in matter that produces a substance |
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| study of properties of matter and how matter changes |
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| substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio |
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| conservation of matter (mass) |
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| principle that matter cannot be created or destroyed, but only changed in form |
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| negatively charged subatomic particles that move around nucleus of atom |
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| substance that cannot be broken down into another substance by physical or chemical means |
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| elements in a vertical column of the periodic table; also called a group |
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| simple sugar; food of lie |
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| elements in the same vertical column of periodic table; also called family |
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| two or more substances that are mixed together but not chemically combined |
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| combination of two or more atoms held together with a chemical bond |
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| sub-atomic particle with no electrical charge |
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| central core of atom containing protons and usually neutrons |
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| substance taht provides energy and raw materials to an organism for growth, repair of cells, and to function properly |
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Definition
| path that electrons travel around nucleus |
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| most compounds that contain carbon |
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| horizontal row of elements in periodic table |
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| measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution |
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| change in a substance that does not change its identity; e.g., water changing from gast to liquid (still water) |
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| large molecule in the form of a chain; many molecules are bonded together |
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| substance formed as a result of chemical reaction |
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| organic compound that is a polymer of amino acids |
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| subatomic particles with a postive electrical charge; found in nucleus |
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| substances that enter into a chemical reaction |
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| electrons farthest away from nucleus and are involved in chemical reactions |
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| A balanced chemical equation has equal numbers of atoms on each side of the equation. If one side of the equation has five oxygen atoms, the other side must also have five (to be balanced). |
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| a process that happens when a substance moves from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. |
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| process happens when water molecules move from an area of high concentration to low concentration. They need to pass through a semi-permeable membrane. It often happens when larger molecules are not able to cross the membrane and concentrations need to be evened out. |
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| a cellular boundary that allows an in-between transport process where very small molecules are able to cross |
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| branch of chemistry that deals with chemcial reactions |
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| Naked egg lab: what kind of changes when soaked in vinegar? |
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Definition
| bubbles formed caused by a chemical reaction between calcium carbonate and vinegar, breaking it up into calcium and carbon parts. Egg got larger because water went through the permeable membrane of the egg. |
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Definition
| an atom of group of atoms that has become electrically charged |
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| pH test strips; bromothymol blue; purple cabbage abstract; litmus paper; these detect acids and bases |
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Definition
| adding chemicals to settle particles in water |
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| process of evaporation to create purer water |
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| chemicals introduced into water to purify and clean |
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Term
| Elements and compounds can move from one ____________state to another and not change their atomic structure. |
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Definition
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| Water is an example of a compound. It has the same ______________ structure whether it is a gas, ___________________or solid. |
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| If the formula for water were to change it would be a ___________ change. |
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| What do you have if you have 1 oxygen atom chemically bonded to 2 hydrogen atoms?_____________________ |
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Definition
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Term
What do you have if you have 2 oxygen atoms chemically bonded to 2 hydrogen
atoms?______________________________ |
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Definition
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Term
| List five states of matter. |
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Definition
| liquid, solid, gas, plasma, Einstien-Bose Condensate |
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| _________________ are used to create the elements. |
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Definition
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| _____________are used to create molecules. |
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Definition
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| Name 2 “pieces” of atoms that are even smaller than neutron, protons and electrons. |
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Definition
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| What do physicist and chemists use a particle accelerator for? |
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Definition
| splitting atoms and studying them |
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Term
| A shell is sometimes called an __________ or _______________. |
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Definition
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| Shells are areas that surround the _____________of an atom |
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| The k-shell only holds ________ electrons |
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Definition
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| The l-shell only holds _________ electrons |
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Definition
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| The m-shell only holds ________ electrons (for the first eighteen elements). |
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Definition
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| What makes an atom happy? |
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Definition
| to have an equal number of electrons |
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| Atoms are able to bond together by ___________________or _________________ electrons. |
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Definition
| sharing (covalent) or borrowing (ionic) |
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| Write out (words) for CO2 |
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Definition
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| Write out (words) for CCl4 |
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Definition
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| How many chlorine atoms are in 4 molecules of carbon tetrachloride? |
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Definition
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| What do elements in the same row of periodic table have in common? |
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Definition
| They all have the same number of atomic orbitals |
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| What does an environmental chemist study? |
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Definition
| the chemistry of the biosphere |
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| What is meant by "earth is a closed system"? |
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Definition
| While energy may come in and leave the planet most of our mass stays right here. That means all of the elements are constantly recycling through our environment. |
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| What element is in the compounds that an organic chemist would study? |
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Definition
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| Name four compounds that contain carbon |
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Definition
| carbon monoxide; carbon dioxide; carbon disulfide; carbonates |
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| Vinegar is what kind of acid? |
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Definition
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| What were the bubbles that formed in the egg experiment? |
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Definition
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| egg shells are made up of? |
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Definition
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| vinegar reacts with calcium carbonate to do what? |
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Definition
| breaks up chemical into calcium and carbonate parts |
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Term
| What happened to the egg's membrane? |
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Definition
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| calcium carbonate in shells reacts with vinegar to form what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| anything with mass and volume; anything with weight taking up space |
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| What are the three forms of matter? |
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Definition
| solid, liquid, and gas--states or phases of matter. |
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Term
| How many types of atoms have been identified? |
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Definition
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| Matter that is made up of only one kind of atom is called an ____? |
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Definition
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| Of the 100 elements, how many exist in the natural world? |
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Definition
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| smallest part of an element is? |
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Definition
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| smallest pat of a compound is? |
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