Term
|
Definition
immobilize a wrist sprain, a triquetral frac-
ture or lunate dislocation, or a second-through-fifth metacarpal head fracture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
immobilize fractures along the ulnar
aspect of the hand, including injuries to the fourth and fifth phalanges and meta-
carpals |
|
|
Term
| uses of ulnar gutter splint |
|
Definition
immobilize fractures along the ulnar
aspect of the hand, including injuries to the fourth and fifth phalanges and meta-
carpals |
|
|
Term
| for what is a thumb spica plint useful? |
|
Definition
| useful for fractures of the scaphoid and lunate,7 first metacarpal, and thumb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
proximal forearm and
elbow. It can also provide temporary stabilization of intraarticular fractures of the
distal humerus and olecranon while the patient is awaiting surgical care |
|
|
Term
| uses of sugar-tong splint |
|
Definition
fractures of the wrist and distal
forearm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
stabilize severe sprains, reduced ankle
dislocations, and fractures of the distal leg, ankle, and foot |
|
|
Term
| when nurovascular compromise is present as a result of fx/dislocation, what should be done prior to splinting? |
|
Definition
When neurovascular compromise is present as a result of a fracture or disloca-
tion, splints should not be placed without first attempting immediate reduction. |
|
|
Term
| what should be done w/open fx? |
|
Definition
An orthopedic specialist should be
consulted for fractures requiring urgent surgical evaluation, such as open fractures,
which may require operative management. Temporary splints can be placed to allevi-
ate pain and to prevent additional injury during transport to an emergency depart-
ment or while awaiting evaluation by a specialist. |
|
|
Term
| How many layers of padding for splint |
|
Definition
Wrap the padding around the extremity, overlapping the
previous layer by 25 to 50% and placing two layers of padding (Fig. 4). In areas of
bony prominence or expected irritation, or if substantial swelling is expected, apply
additional layers of padding. |
|
|
Term
| where should excess padding be avoided in long-arm splint |
|
Definition
Avoid excessive padding on the anterior aspect
of the elbow joint in long-arm splints, since it can result in skin pressure points and
swelling under the splint |
|
|
Term
| how many layers of padding for upper and lower extremity splints |
|
Definition
Use at least 8 layers of
plaster material for upper-extremity splints and 12 layers for lower-extremity splints
to ensure that the completed sprint is sufficiently strong.2 |
|
|
Term
| how do you prevent thermal injuries w/splinting |
|
Definition
avoiding water
that is too hot (>50°C), keeping splint thickness at less than 24 layers, and avoiding
the use of insulating materials such as pillows during the drying process |
|
|
Term
| check for this after splint has dried completely |
|
Definition
check for adequate immobilization, anatomical At this point, radiographs
may be needed for fractures or dislocations that required reduction before splint
placement.
positioning, strength of the splint, and patient comfort. |
|
|
Term
| where should a volar splint extend? how should the forearm be positioned? |
|
Definition
volar aspect of the forearm from the metacarpal
heads to a point just proximal to the radial head, allowing unencumbered flexion
of the elbow.4 Place the forearm in a neutral position with the thumb upward and
the wrist at 20 degrees of extensionBandage. |
|
|
Term
| where should an ulnar gutter splint extend? how should the arm be positioned? |
|
Definition
This splint extends from the distal interphalangeal joint of the little finger
to the proximal forearm. Place the forearm in a neutral position with the wrist at
20 degrees of extension. The metacarpophalangeal joints should be flexed at 50 degrees with the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints in slight flexion |
|
|
Term
| where does a thumb spica splint extend? how is the hand positioned? |
|
Definition
This
splint extends from the tip of the thumb to the proximal forearm.4 Place the fore-
arm in a neutral position with the wrist at 20 degrees of extension and the thumb
slightly flexed. |
|
|
Term
| where does a long-arm splint extend? how should the arm be positioned? |
|
Definition
It extends along the posterior arm from the wrist to the proxi-
mal humerus. Place the elbow at 90 degrees of flexion while maintaining a neutral
position for the forearm and wrist |
|
|
Term
| where does a sugar tong splint extend? how is the arm positioned? |
|
Definition
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AUTHOR, PLEASE NOTE:
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ARTIST:
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The splint extends from the metacarpophalangeal joints on
the dorsum of the hand, along the forearm, around the elbow, and back to the
volar aspect of the midpalmar crease.2 Place the elbow at 90 degrees of flexion
while maintaining a neutral position for the forearm and wrist4 |
|
|
Term
| where does a post leg-splint extend? how should the leg be positioned? |
|
Definition
The splint extends
from the metatarsal heads to just below the fibular head while maintaining a 90-
degree angle at the ankle. |
|
|
Term
| What precautions should be taken with a post leg splint? |
|
Definition
Be sure to keep the fibular head free in order to avoid
compression of the adjacent peroneal nerve. Lower-extremity splints are not de-
signed to bear weight, and the patient should use crutches. |
|
|
Term
| what does adding a lateral stirrup componenent to a posterior leg-splint accomplish? |
|
Definition
increases the stability
of the splint and prevents inversion and eversion of the ankle. This splint
provides greater immobilization and stability for fractures near the ankle. |
|
|
Term
| where does a post-leg splint with stirrup extedn? how should the leg be positioned? |
|
Definition
Apply the
splint to the medial and lateral leg; it should extend from the tibial tuberosity to wrap around the foot and end just below the fibular head. Mold the splint with the
ankle at a 90-degree angle |
|
|
Term
| for what use are commercially available hook-and-loop ankle or wrist sprints acceptable and unacceptable? |
|
Definition
Commercially available hook-and-loop ankle or wrist splints may be used to allevi-
ate discomfort after a sprain, but they typically do not provide the necessary stability
for fractures. |
|
|
Term
| in what conditions should a pt w/splint/cast return for immediate care? |
|
Definition
Patients should return immediately if
there are any signs of neurovascular compromise or a compartment syndrome, such
as increased swelling, worsening of pain, discoloration of the distal extremity, diffi-
culty moving the fingers or toes, or a change in sensory function |
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