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Basic Psychology
Chapter 7-8
36
Chemistry
Undergraduate 1
07/09/2012

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Term
Reward through removal of aversive consequences
Definition
Negative reinforcement
Term
Reinforcing responses that are gradually closer to the behavior to be conditioned
Definition
Shaping
Term
Consequence that increases the likelihood of a behavior
Definition
Reinforcement
Term
Processes all sensory input
Definition
Sensory memory
Term
Exaggeration of features of existing memories
Definition
Distortion
Term
Evokes responses BEFORE conditioning occurs
Definition
Unconditioned stimulus
Term
Linking a series of responses learned through operant Conditioning
Definition
Chaining
Term
Auditory sensory memory……….
Definition
Echoic memory
Term
Behavior is learned through associations between s stimuli and behavior
Definition
Classical conditioning
Term
Behavior is learned through consequences: reinforcement and punishment
Definition
Operant conditioning
Term
Visual sensory memory
Definition
Iconic memory
Term
Placing information in manageable form
Definition
………..Encoding
Term
Evokes response FOLLOWING conditioning
Definition
Conditioned stimulus
Term
Consequence that decreases the likelihood of a behavior
Definition
Punishment
Term
Addition of information to existing memories
Definition
Construction
Term
Proactive interference refers to the?
Definition
disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information
Term
Judy is embarassed because she momentarily fails to remember a good friends name. Judy's poor memory most likely results from a failure in
Definition
retrieval
Term
Joshua vividly recalls his feelings and what he was doing the exact moment when he heard of his grandfathers unexpected death. This best illustrates _____memory?
Definition
flashbulb
Term
which type of memory has an essentially limitless capacity.
Definition
long term memory
Term
Tim a third grader learns the sentence "george eats old gray rats and paints Houses Yellow to help him remember the spelling of geography. Tim is using what?
Definition
A mnemonic technique
Term
the address for obtaining tickets to a popular quiz show flashes on the tv screen but the image disappears before Emily has had a chance to write down the complete address. to his surprise however she has retained a momentary mental image of the 5-digit zip code. Her experience best illustrates _______memory
Definition
iconic
Term
the address for obtaining tickets to a popular quiz show flashes on the tv screen but the image disappears before Emily has had a chance to write down the complete address. to his surprise however she has retained a momentary mental image of the 5-digit zip code. Her experience best illustrates _______memory
Definition
iconic
Term
Shelly was able to remember the names of 3 class members for only a minute or two after they had been introduced to her. The new class members names were briefly stored in her ______Memory
Definition
iconic memory
Term
the process of encoding refers to?
Definition
Getting information into memory
Term
our ability to learn by witnessing the behavior of others best illustrates
Definition
observational learning
Term
to quickly teach a dog to roll over on command you would be best advised to use?
Definition
immediate reinforcers rather than the delayed reinforcers
Term
example of conditional reinforcer?
Definition
applause for an excellent pinano recietal
Term
any stimulus that when removed after a response strengthens the response is called a _______reinforcer
Definition
negative reinforcer
Term
the key difference between negative and positive reinforcement is ?
Definition
application versus withdrawl of a consequences
Term
you most likely would be able to use operant conditioning to teach a dog to
Definition
retrieve sticks and balls
Term
An event that strengthens the behavior it follows
Definition
reinforcement
Term
toddlers taught to fear speeding cars learns to fear speeding trucks best illustrates the theory of?
Definition
generalization
Term
M. developed an intense fear of flying, 5 years ago when she was in a plane crash. The fact today she can fly without distress indicates the fear has undergone?
Definition
extinction
Term
Name a unconditional response
Definition
sweating in hot weather
Term
children often learned to associate pushing vending machine buttons with the delivery of candy bars. This best illustrates the process underlying
Definition
operatant conditioning
Term
conditioning is the process of
Definition
learning associations
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