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Basic Physical Geography Vocab
Vocab AP Human Geography Unit 0
29
Geography
12th Grade
09/04/2008

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Term
Archipelago
Definition
A large group or chain of islands.
Term
Volcano
Definition
A mountain or hill, usually having a cuplike crater at the summit, formed around such a vent from the ash and lava expelled through it.
Term
Bay
Definition
A body of water forming an indentation of the shoreline, larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf.
Term
Canal
Definition
An artificial waterway for navigation, irrigation, etc.
Term
Valley
Definition
An elongated lowland between ranges of mountains, hills, or other uplands, often having a river or stream running along the bottom.
Term
Cave
Definition
A hollow or natural passage under or into the earth, especially one with an opening to the surface.
Term
Channel
Definition
The bed of a stream, river, or other waterway.
Term
Cliff
Definition
A high steep face of a rock.
Term
Tundra
Definition
A treeless area between the icecap and the tree line of Arctic regions, having a permanently frozen subsoil and supporting low-growing vegetation such as lichens, mosses, and stunted shrubs.
Term
Continental Divide
Definition
A divide separating river systems that flow to opposite sides of a continent.
Term
Crater
Definition
The cup-shaped depression or cavity on the surface of the earth or other heavenly body marking the orifice of a volcano. Often caused by collision or explosion.
Term
Delta
Definition
A nearly flat plain of alluvial deposit between diverging branches of the mouth of a river, often, though not necessarily, triangular.
Term
Fjord
Definition
A long, narrow arm of the sea bordered by steep cliffs: usually formed by glacial erosion.
Term
Geyser
Definition
A hot spring that intermittently sends up fountainlike jets of water and steam into the air.
Term
Swamp
Definition
A swamp is a type of freshwater wetland that has spongy, muddly land and a lot of water.
Term
Gorge
Definition
A deep narrow passage with steep rocky sides; a ravine.
Term
Gulf
Definition
A portion of an ocean or sea partly enclosed by land.
Term
Hill
Definition
A natural elevation of the earth's surface, smaller than a mountain.
Term
Reef
Definition
A ridge of rocks or sand, often of coral debris, at or near the surface of the water.
Term
Island
Definition
A tract of land completely surrounded by water, and not large enough to be called a continent.
Term
Isthmus
Definition
A narrow strip of land, bordered on both sides by water, connecting two larger bodies of land.
Term
Jungle
Definition
A wild land overgrown with dense vegetation, often nearly impenetrable, esp. tropical vegetation or a tropical rain forest.
Term
Lagoon
Definition
An area of shallow water separated from the sea by low sandy dunes.
Term
Lake
Definition
A body of salt water of considerable size, surrounded by land.
Term
Mesa
Definition
A land formation, less extensive than a plateau, having steep walls and a relatively flat top
Term
Strait
Definition
A strait is a narrow body of water that connects two larger bodies of water.
Term
Sea
Definition
The continuous body of salt water covering most of the earth's surface.
Term
Plain
Definition
An area of land not significantly higher than adjacent areas and with relatively minor differences in elevation, commonly less than 500 ft. (150 m), within the area.
Term
River
Definition
A natural stream of water of fairly large size flowing in a definite course or channel or series of diverging and converging channels.
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