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Basic Muscle Terms
Basic muscle terms (Tulane SOM 2015)
22
Medical
Professional
08/04/2011

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Term
muscular fascia
Definition
dense layer of connective tissue surrounding individual muscles
Term
deep fascia
Definition
membranous layer of connective tissue that invests the muscles and other deep structures
Term
motor point
Definition
membranous layer of connective tissue that invests the muscles and other deep structures
Term
motor end plate
Definition
the interface between the motor neuron and the muscle fiber
Term
motor unit
Definition
single neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates
Term
fixator
Definition
muscle which contracts isometrically and stabilizes the origin of the prime mover, does not produce movement itself
Term
antagonist
Definition
a muscle that opposes the action of the prime mover; see protagonist
Term
protagonist
Definition
aka prime mover or agonist; chief muscle or group responsible for a particular movement
Term
synergist
Definition
groups of muscles that contract to stabilize the intermediate joints crossed by a prime mover
Term
skeletal muscle
Definition
produce movements of the skeleton/ voluntary muscles
Term
superficial fascia
Definition
unites dermis to underlying deep fascia
Term
raphe
Definition
an interdigitation of the tendonous ends of the fibers of flat muscles
Term
aponeurosis
Definition
strong sheet of fibrous tissue that sometimes attaches flat muscles to bones, cartilage, or ligaments
Term
tendons
Definition
fibrous tissue that connects muscles to bones, cartilage, or ligaments
Term
mesotendon
Definition
When a tendon is surrounded by a synovial sheath, a mesotendon suspends it within the bursa and enables blood vessels to enter that tendon along its course
Term
epimysium
Definition
fibrous envelope of areolar tissue on surface of muscle fibers
Term
cardiac muscle
Definition
striated muscle fibers that branch and unite with each other; forms the myocardium of the heart
Term
smooth muscle
Definition
long, spindle shaped cells that are closely arranged in bundles or sheets; helps peristalsis
Term
pennate muscles
Definition
muscles containing fibers that run obliquely to the line of pull; resemble a feather
Term
unipennate muscle
Definition
muscle with muscle fibers passing obliquely to tendon on the side
Term
bipennate muscle
Definition
muscle with a central tendon and muscle fibers passing to it from two sides
Term
multipennate muscle
Definition
either a series of bipennate muscles lying alongside each other or a central tendon with converging fibers coming from all sides
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