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Basic Computer Terminology
Terms
28
Computer Science
Undergraduate 1
08/26/2006

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Term
Memory
Definition
Digital Storage Space
Term
bit (b)
Definition
The most basic unit of digital memory. A bit consists of a voltage that is either a 1 or a 0.
Term
Byte (B)
Definition
8 bits stored side by side. There are 256 possible bytes.
Term
Kilobyte (KB)
Definition
1,024 bytes
Term
Megabyte (MB)
Definition
1,024 kilobytes
Term
Gigabyte (GB)
Definition
1,024 megabytes
Term
Terabyte (TB)
Definition
1,024 gigabytes
Term
Hardware
Definition
Computer technology that is physically constructed.
Term
Software
Definition
Computer technology that is stored in computer memory
Term
Hard Drive Memory
Definition
A slower form of memory that is used to store files and applications when they are not in use. When they are being used the files and applications are loaded in the computer's RAM
Term
RAM
Definition
Random Access Memory. A form of high-speed memory that is instantly accessible by the computer's processor. When a user starts up a program, the program is loaded into the RAM of the computer so that it may be accessed instantly at all times. Most MS office utilities use about 10MB of RAM; high end graphics programs can use upwards of 30MB.
Term
ROM
Definition
Read only memory. Contains system data that will not be changed for the computer.
Term
OS
Definition
Software that governs how the computer functions and how information is accessed.
Term
Finder
Definition
The default application for the Macintosh Operating System.
Term
DOS
Definition
Disk operating system- underlying control for Windowa OS.
Term
Unix (unics)
Definition
The underlying control is OSX+
Term
Floppy Disk
Definition
holds 1.4MB of information
Term
Syquest Drive
Definition
Vaccum Sealed portable hard disk. 44MB of space, newer SparQ drives with 1GB
Term
Zip Drive
Definition
An Iomega Zip drive reads disks that can hold up to 250 MB, depending on the model.
Term
Jazz Drive
Definition
An Iomega Jaz drive reads disks that can hold up to 1GB. Very unstable.
Term
Jazz Drive
Definition
An Iomega Jaz drive reads disks that can hold up to 1GB. Very unstable.
Term
CD ROM
Definition
Compact Disk Read Only Memory. A storage device for computer files and applications. A CD-ROM holds approximately 640 Mb of information. It may not be written to.
Term
CD-ROM
Definition
Compact Disc Read Only Memory. A storage device for computer files and applications. A CD-ROM holds approximately 640MB of information. It may not be written to.
Term
CD-RW
Definition
Stands for Compact Disc
ReWritable. Similar to a CD_ROM, but they may be written to.
Term
Internet Browser
Definition
Software used to view information on the internet. Examples are Microsoft Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator, Mozilla Firefox or Camino, Safari, MyIE, ect.
Term
Server
Definition
Any computer that is connected to network or the internet that stores and "serves" files to other connected computers.
Term
Client
Definition
The end viewer or user of the "served" files, web pages, etc.
Term
URL
Definition
Uniform Resource Locater. Standardized format for giving the location of information to be retrieved to the client from the internet server.
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