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Basic Chemistry
Chapter 12....
80
Cosmetology
Professional
05/06/2013

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Term
The smallest particle of an element is a(n):
Definition
Atom
Term
Chemically joining two or more atoms forms a(n):
Definition
Molecule
Term
A blended mixture of two or more liquids or a solid dissolved in a liquid is a(n):
Definition
Solution
Term
An unstable mixture of undissolved particles in a liquid that area visible to the naked eye are known as:
Definition
Suspension
Term
A product that does not separate when standing and contains particles is considered to be:
Definition
A Solution
Term
Matter → Any substance that occupies space and has mass can be considered to be:
Definition
true
Term
4.Alkali Solution → A product that does not separate when standing and contains particles is considered to be:
Definition
false

A substance that has a pH above 7.0 is considered to be a(n):.
Term
Raise The pH of hair → Any substance that occupies space and has mass can be considered to be:
Definition
false
Ammonium hydroxide and ammonium thioglycolate are examples of products used to:.
Term
A mixture of two or more immiscible substances united with the aid of a binder is known as a(n):
Definition
false.
When oxygen is subtracted from a substance, the chemical reaction
Term
Acids owe their chemical reactivity to the:
Definition
false.
The water-loving head of a surfactant molecule is
Term
Miscible
Definition
Are maturely soluble that an be Mixed with each other in any proportion with separation (e.g. water and alcohol
Term
Chemical reactions that produce heat are called
Definition
Exothermic
Term
An unstable mixture of two or more immiscible substances united with the aid of a binder is known as a(n):
Definition
Emulsion
Term
4.Products manafacutred from natural gas, oil, or plant or animal remains are considered to be:
Definition
Organic
Term
5.Substances that cannot be divided into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means are:
Definition
Atoms
Term
Immiscible
Definition
Liquids that are not capable of being mixed into stable solutions e.g. water and oil
Term
Liquid
Definition
Normal matter exists in three different physical states, which are solid, gas, and:
Term
Glycerin
Definition
A sweet, colorless, oily substance used as a moisturizing ingrident in cosmetic products is:
Term
A substance that acts as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix or emulsify is a(n):
Definition
Surfactant
Term
The smallest particle of an element is a
Definition
Redox
Term
acids
Definition
solutions that have a pH below 7.0 and turn litmus paper from blue to red
Term
alkalis
Definition
solutions that have a pH above 7.0 and turn litmus paper from red to blue
Term
alkanolamines
Definition
substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products
Term
ammonia
Definition
colorless gas with a pungent odor; composed of hydrogen and nitrogen
Term
anion
Definition
an ion with a negative electrical charge
Term
atom
Definition
smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element
Term
cation
Definition
an ion with a positive electrical charge
Term
chemical change
Definition
change in the chemical and physical properties of a substance due to a chemical reaction that creates a new substance or substances
Term
chemical properties
Definition
characteristics that can only be determined by a chemical reaction and a chemical change in the substance
Term
chemistry
Definition
science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter, and how matter changes under various conditions
Term
combustion
Definition
rapid oxidation of a substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light, lighting match is an example of rapid oxidation.
Term
compounds
Definition
combinations of two or more atoms of different elements chemically joined together
Term
element
Definition
the simplest form of matter; it cannot be broken down into a simpler substance without a loss of identity
Term
elemental molecules
Definition
a chemical combination of atoms of the same element
Term
emulsion
Definition
an unstable mixture of two or more immiscible substances united with the aid of an emulsifier
Term
exothermic
Definition
chemical reactions that produce heat
Term
glycerin
Definition
sweet, colorless, oily substance used as a solvent and moisturizer in skin and body creams
Term
hydrophilic
Definition
water loving
Term
immiscible
Definition
not capable of being mixed
Term
inorganic chemistry
Definition
study of substances that do not contain carbon
Term
ion
Definition
an atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge
Term
ionization
Definition
separation of an atom or molecule to split in two, creating a pair of ions with opposite electrical charges
Term
lipophilic
Definition
oil loving
Term
logarithm
Definition
multiples of ten
Term
matter
Definition
any substance that occupies space and has mass
Term
miscible
Definition
capable of being mixed with another liquid in any proportion without seperating
Term
molecule
Definition
a chemical combination of two or more atoms
Term
oil-in-water emulsion
Definition
oil droplets emulsified in water
Term
organic chemistry
Definition
study of substances that contain carbon
Term
oxidation
Definition
a chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide
Term
oxidizing agent
Definition
substance that releases oxygen
Term
pH scale
Definition
measures the acidity and alkalinity of a substance
Term
physical change
Definition
change in the form or physical properties of a substance without the formation of a new substance
Term
physical mixture
Definition
physical combination of matter, in any proportion
Term
physical properties
Definition
characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not cause a chemical change in the substance
Term
pure substance
Definition
chemical combination of matter in definite proportion
Term
redox
Definition
contraction for reduction-oxidation; chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced and the reducing agent is oxidized
Term
reduced
Definition
to subtract oxygen from or add hydrogen to a substance
Term
reduction
Definition
the chemical reaction of subtracting oxygen from or adding hydrogen to a substance
Term
silicones
Definition
special type of oil used in hair conditioners and as water-resistant lubricants for the skin, they are less greasy
Term
solute
Definition
substance that is dissolved in a solution
Term
solution
Definition
a stable, uniform blend of two or more mixable substances. they do not separate on standing.
Term
solvent
Definition
The substance usually liquid, that dissolves the solute to form a solution with no changes in chemical composition
Term
acids
Definition
solutions that have a pH below 7.0 and turn litmus paper from blue to red
Term
alkalis
Definition
solutions that have a pH above 7.0 and turn litmus paper from red to blue
Term
alkanolamines
Definition
substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products
Term
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
Definition
contain carbon (organic) easily evaporating, hairspray
Term
volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
Definition
substances containing carbon that evaporate quickly and easily
Term
water-in-oil emulsion
Definition
water droplets emulsified in oil
Term
ionization
Definition
separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions
Term
a chemical combination of atoms of the same element, eg air , the ozone in the atmosphere is an elemental molecule O2
Definition
elemental molecules
Term
chemical compounds of two or more atoms of different elements. eg sodium chloride (NaCl)or common table salt
Definition
compound molecules...
Term
reducing agent
Definition
a substance that adds hydrogen to a chemical compound or subtracts oxygen from the compound
Term
pure substances
Definition
is a chemical combination of matter, in definite proportions. e.g. all atoms, elements, elemental molecules and compound molecules
Term
Emulsifier
Definition
An ingredient that brings two normally incompatible materials together and bind them into uniform and fairly stable blend. e.g. handlotion
Term
Surfactants
Definition
Substances that act as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix or emulsify......
Term
Hydrogen ion (H*)
Definition
is acidic
Term
Hydroxide ion (OH-)
Definition
is alkaline
Term
pH means
Definition
p represents a quality and the capital H represent the hydrogen ion
Term
Acid-Alkali Neutralization Reactions
Definition
A reaction that naturally ionizes water to create hydrogen (H*) ions and hydroxide ions. (OH-)
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