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Notes: Foreign Mission Board History, First Secretary was James B. Taylor (could only work 2 days a week) Headquarters was in Richmond, VA. The solicitors were W.B. Johnson and J. Lewis Shuck and Yong Seen Song was the 1st BC of Hong Kong and Shaghia. Edmonia Moon, sister of Lottie Moon. Helped form (1874) Baptist Womens Foreign Missions Organization. Charlotte Diggs Moon - Baptist's most famous Missionary, converted Ling Shou Ting who became an effective evangelist in North China. 46% of the IMB budget is from Lottie Moon Offering. Other areas of FMB work: Liberia and Nigeria 1846 - African American Baptists had a strong presence. Italy - 1870 (William N. Cote) Mexico - 1864 (John Hickey) Brazil - 1881 (William & Ann Bagby) holds the longest tenour - 61 years. Japan - 1889. By 1900 - 6,537 overseas members, 113 churches, 6 nations, 94 missionaries.
Text: May 10, 1845, the SBC passed the following resolution: "Resolves, that the Convention appoint a Board of Managers for Foreign Missions, and also one for Domestic Missions, and that a committee be appointed to nominate the members for such boards." The Foreign Mission Board got off to a good start. Richmond, Virginia, was chosen as the home of FMB. J.B. Jeter of Richmond served as acting secretary of the FMB until a permanent leader was enlisted. That proved no easy task, since the first six men to be offered the post declined. James Barnett Taylor (1804-1871) a Richmond pastor, to accept the office. Taylor had been active in the Triennial Convention, was a member of the Virginia society that called the 1845 meeting, and was elected one of four SBC vice-presidents at its 1846 meeting. When he took office, the board had two missionaries; when he laid down the mantle a quarter century later, the board had eighty-one missionaries in China, Africa, and Italy. The early FMB was practically autonomous; little if any of its funds came through the SBC. W.B. Johnson, first president of the SBC, was released for a time from his Edgefield pastorate to travel among the churches, explaining the new convention and appealing for its support. The board also requested J. Lewis Shuch to delay his return to China in order to speak among the churches, accompanied by Yong Seen Sang, a Chinese convert. The board opened missionary work in China in 1845; in Liberia, 1846; in Nigeria, 1850; in Brazil, 1859 with T.J. Bowen, and reopened 1881 with William B. and Anne Bagby; in Italy, 1870; and Japan, first missionaries appointed 1860, work actually opened 1889.
Charlotte Diggs Moon (1840-1912) became Southern Baptists' most famous missionary. "Lottie" Moon grew up in a devout Virginia home, but she scoffed at religion until her conversion at age sixteen. The Moon sisters attended the best schools available. Lottie proved a brilliant student, especially adept at languages. After the war she became a teacher in Kentucky and later in Georgia. In February 1873, after her pastor had preached a fervent missionary sermon, Lottie Moon went forward and said, "I have long known that God wanted me in China." She was appointed in July 1873. From the first Lottie displayed the gifts of an effective missionary. But Edmonia, her sister, could not endure and Lottie traveled back home to take care of her. Lottie served at first in Tengchow. Later she transferred to the remote city of Pingtu, where for years she was the only missionary. She served 14 years before receiving a regular furlough. However, during her infrequent trips back to the states, her appearances in Chinese dress, her dramatic speeches, and her display of interesting Chinese articles kindled great missionary interest among Southern Baptists. In Pingtu and surrounding villages, Moon distributed Christian tracts and told the story of God's love in Christ. Lottie twice considered marriage, in 1861 and again in 1877. Both engagements were to the same man, Crawford H. Toy, who had been appointed a missionary to Japan in 1860 but did not sail. In 1887 she suggested to the Baptist women of Virginia the idea of a special Christmas offering. Its original purpose was to provide help for Moon so she could take her furlough and apparently was not at first intended to continue as an annual event. Learning that Methodist women planned to observe a week of prayer before Christmas, with a missionary offering, she suggested a similar plan to the Baptist women. The Women's Missionary Union, formed in 1888, took up the challenge and proclaimed a week of prayer and a special Christmas offering for 1888. Actual receipts amounted to $3,315.26. In her advancing age, Lottie fell victim to the depression that seemed to run in her family. She thought the Chinese girls in her school would starve, so she refused to eat so they could have food. The board sent Cynthia Miller, a nurse, to escort Lottie home. They made it as far as Kobe, Japan, where Moon fell into a coma and died on Christmas Eve 1912. Moon's death, and stories of her starvation, captured the imagination of Southern Baptists. In 1918, at the suggestion of Annie Armstrong, the annual offering was named the Lottie Moon Christmas Offering for Foreign Missions. |
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| HMB History—Tichenor, Fortress-Monroe |
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| Notes: Headquartered in Marion, Alabama, then moved to Atlanta, Georgia. 1855 - Year of Debt. Civil War - work directed toward confederate armies. 1882 - Isaac T. Tichenor revitalized HMB - Chaplain to Shooter. Fortress-Monroe Conference (1894) - "North work in the North, South work in the South." "Work together on education of Blacks." Lasts until 1950. 1900 - 671 missionaries, 195 buildings erected, 639 Sunday Schools organized, 5,696 baptisms. |
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| BSSB History—J.M. Frost, Gambrell, Broad/Man |
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| Notes: Formed in 1891 (3rd attempt). Headquarter in Nashville, TN. Broadus and Manly = Broadman. J.M. Frost's flash of insight overcomes J.B. Gambrell's oppostion. Frost elected as first secretary. |
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(Auxiliary to SBC). Formed in 1888 in the basement of a Methodist church. Dave William Jones opposed it. First and longest body of organized laity in SBC. Headquartered in Baltimore, then Birmingham. Annie Armstrong - Secretary until 1906. Until 1929 WMU reports presented by men. Mission Statement: "Challenges Christians to be radical believers of God."
Annie Armstrong - First executive director of the Baptist's WMU> |
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| Toy & Whitsitt Controversies |
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Toy Controversy - Crawford Toy, taught historical-critical thinking at Southern.
Whitsitt controversy - William H. Whitsitt - 1896 wrote an article in Johnson's Universal Encyclopedia - Baptist's seccessionism is an error - "A question in Baptist History." "There is a chasm between the academy and the church." |
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| 1908, Northern Baptist Convention |
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| Out of a desire for greater unity and efficiency, the Northern Baptist Convention was formed in 19098, bringing the societies for missions and education under one umbrella for the first time in their history. |
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| 1950, American Baptist Convention |
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| 1972, American Baptist Churches, USA |
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| $100,000,000 campaign. 1919-1924. Effort to raise $100 million over a 5 year perioid. By 1924 only $45 million received. |
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| Interchurch World Movement |
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| An ecumenical effort of about thirty denominations to combine their resources, cooperate in ministries at home, and parcel out their overseas efforts to avoid overlap and duplication. One motive was to assist in rebuilding war-torn Europe and reestablishing ties with European Christians. For all its worthy motives, most observers now concede that the Interchurch Movement was premature, poorly planned, and structurally flawed. For whatever reasons, it failed to enlist the necessary cooperation, and its failure almost pulled down the Baptists' New World Movement in its wake. Northern Baptist reaction to linking the NWM to an ecumenical effort was so overwhelmingly negative that by 1920 the convention voted reluctantly to pull out of the Interchurch movement. |
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Northern Progressives
"The finality of the Christian Religion"
Foster seemed to conservatives to compromise several Baptist doctrines, most importantly perhaps, the traditional understanding of the person and work of Christ. Foster also seemed to question the reliability of Scripture and regarded Paul more than Jesus as the founder of Christianity. |
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"Christianity and the Social Crisis"
Rauschenbusch indicted the church for producing what he called priests instead of prophets and accused the church of forsaking the message of Jesus, the coming kingdom of God, for a Hellenized message about Jesus. He also tended to see a tension between Jesus who offered a kingdom and Paul who structured the church. |
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Five fundamentals - you believe and impose this on everyone else.
1. Inerrancy of Scripture. 2. Deity of Christ. 3. Substitutionary Atonement. 4. Virgin Birth of Christ. 5. Resurrection of Christ and second coming (premillennialism) |
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| 3 major attacks on NBC-- Schools, Missionaries, Lit. |
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| 1920 Convention voted to investigate schools, missionaries, literature of ABPS. |
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| 1922 meeting of NBC, Indianapolis |
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| 1922 Indianapolis convention rejects a confession and affirms the New Testament as the all sufficient ground of faith and practice. |
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| Conservative Baptist Association of America, 1947 |
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| Part of the fundamentalist retreat. |
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| General Association of Regular Baptists, 1933 |
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| part of the fundamentalist retreat. |
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| Headquarters to the Northern Baptists/American Baptist Convention. |
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| The Study Commission on Denominational Structure was appointed in 1968. The SCODS study was intended, among other things, to devise a representative system by which all the churches could make their voices heard. |
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| 200 member board of ABChurches |
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| Board of International Ministries |
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| Board of National Ministries |
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| Board of Educational Ministries |
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| Outline of Christian Theology |
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| Identity of ABC–Evang., Ecum., Interracial, International |
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| Evangelical, Ecumenical, Interracial, International |
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| Executive Committee formed, 1917 |
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| Expansion of the SBC. Headed by Moris Chapman |
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| Cooperative Program formed, 1925 |
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| 75 million campaign, 1919-1924 |
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| More successful than the north. |
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| Clinton Carnes, embezzler of 909,000 |
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| Frank Tripp and the 100,000 Club |
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| Images of S. Baptists (p. 700) |
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| Lifeway—History & Controversies |
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| Arthur Flake & his formula |
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