Term
| Legionella Pneumophilia Apperance |
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Definition
Gram - (doesn't stain well)
Pleimorphic rod
Aerobic
Fastidious (needs cystine, iron and low pH)
Catalase + |
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Term
| Legionella Pneumophila Virulence |
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Definition
Pili
Outer membrane (MOMP), enhances phago uptake
DOT: defects in organelle trafficking proteins: helps growth inside macrophage
ICM: intracellular multipliation proteins, type IV secretion for export of proteints
Tissue-degrading enzymes |
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Term
| Legionella Pneymophila Disease |
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Definition
Infection and Immunity: uptake by coiling phagos, multiply inside macrophage, bacterial protease lead to lung damage, only cell-mediated immunity can help (not humoral), activated macrophages kill by limiting iron
Legionnaire's disease: any progressive atypical pneumonia should be suspicious, pneumonia symptoms but also interstitial infiltrates, shock, multi-organ failure
Pontiac fever: non-progressive, self-limiting, fever, chills, dry cough, no pneumonia like symptoms |
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Term
| Legionella Pneumophila Trasmission |
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Definition
Inhalation (going deep into lungs)
No person to person transmission |
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Term
| Legionella Pneumophila Reservoir |
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Definition
Fresh water systems
Air conditioning units |
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Term
| Legionella Pneumophila Treat/Prev |
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Definition
| Erythromycin: macrophage-penetratic antibiotic |
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Term
| Mycobacterium tubuerculosis apperence |
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Definition
Acid fast
Facultative intracellular pathogen
Aerobic
Needs rich medium, lowenstein jensen |
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Term
| Mycobacterium Tyberculosis Virulence |
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Definition
Cord factor: inhibits PMN migration
Wax D: stimulated CMI
Tuberculin/PPD: type IV hypersensitivity |
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Term
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis disease |
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Definition
Progress and symptoms: survived and multiplies in macrophages, initial infection is asymptomatic, primary TB: bacteria reach alveoli, phao by macrophages, inhibit oxidative burst, survive/multiply and spread to lymph nodes then blood stream and hten to other organs, circulating bacteria can be cleared by lymph still has some, non-specific inflamm response: granulotomas for tubercles and cord factors that inhibit PMNs which form granulomas, reactivation of secondary TB: from healed primary lesions, classic case of TB, blood in sputum, wt loss, fever, night sweats
PPD measures delayed hypersensitivity (+ means you have been infected or vaccinated) can collect sputum sample but takes wks to grow, DNA testing is fastest to dx
Immune reaction: cell-mediated immunity (humoral doesn't help b/c bacteria inside macrophages), tuberculin delayed hypersensitivity kills those outside macrophages |
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Term
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis trasmission |
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Definition
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Term
| Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Reservoir |
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Definition
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Term
| Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Treat/Prev |
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Definition
Immunoprophylaxis: give some protection (vaccine)
First line: isoniazind (INH), pyrazinamide, ethambutol, streptomycin, rifampin
Second line: para-aminosalicylic acid, cycloserine, ethionamide, kanamycin, fluroquinolones |
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