Term
| What are the three domains of living organisms? |
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Definition
| Eubacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya |
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Term
| Which domain includes the methane gas producing bacteria? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the characteristics that distinguish the prokaryotic organisms from eukaryotic? |
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Definition
| prokaryotic do not contain membrane bound organelles, unicellular (form colonies) and are 1/10 the size of eukaryotes |
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Term
| How does the prokaryotic DNA differ from the eukaryotic DNA? |
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Definition
Pro: single circle
Euk: DNA in chromosomes |
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Term
| How much bigger are typical eukaryotic cells compared to prokaryotes? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the flagella move in prokaryotes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the key difference between eubacteria and archaea? |
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Definition
| The presence of a peptidoglycan in eubacteria's cell wall |
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Term
| T/F: peptidoglycan is located inside the plasma membrane. |
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Definition
| True: for some bacteria, the peptidoglycan is located in between the outermembrane and the phospholipid bilayer. This would be noted as a "thin layer" |
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Term
| Describe "extremeophiles" |
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Definition
| archaea bacteria love extreme conditions, they thrive in areas where not many organisms can. |
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Term
| Halophilic archaeans are: |
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Definition
| those that love salty conditions: great salt lake |
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Term
| Which extremeophiles produce a "hue"? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the protein that produces the "hue" in extremophiles that live in the Great Salt Lake (for ex.) |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the extremophile that loves extreme temperatures? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a Gram stain used to detect? |
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Definition
| The presence and thickness of the peptidoglycan |
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Term
| When bacteria retain the purple-crystal color of the Gram stain, this means that the bacteria: |
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Definition
Has a thick layer of peptidoglycan and it is "Gram-positive"
Also that it is, in fact, a bacterium cell |
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Term
| What color will a bacterium with a thin layer of peptidoglycan stain (when using the gram stain technique)? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F: bacteria are considered heterotrophic. |
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Definition
True. Most bacteria need some other carbon source to live.
However, there are autotrophs that use sunlight. |
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Term
| The important decomposing bacteria are referred to as: |
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Definition
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Term
| Cocci, spirilla, and bacilli refer to the ________ of bacteria. |
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Definition
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Term
| Cocci means that the bacteria is: |
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Definition
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Term
| spirilla means that the bacteria is: |
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Definition
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Term
| Bacilli means that the bacteria is: |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the element that is abundant in the atmosphere and needed by most organisms, but cannot be readily used by most plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does Rhizobium do in the symbiotic relationship that is has with legume roots? |
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Definition
| It is a nitrogen-fixer which converts N2 into NH3 which can be readily consumed by the plant. |
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Term
| What is the process of converting N2 into NH3 called? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what aspect does the legume provide in the symbiotic relationship it has with the Rhizobium? |
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Definition
| It provides sugars needed for photosynthesis. |
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Term
| Where does the Rhizobium "live" in the legume plant? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are cyanobacteria gram negative or gram positive? |
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Definition
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Term
| In cyanobacteria, what are the pigments referred to that enhance light absorption and aid in nitrogen storage? |
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Definition
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Term
| In which domain is simple RNA polymerase used? |
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Definition
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Term
| In which domain of organisms would rifamycin work and why? |
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Definition
| the domain eubacteria because they use simple RNA polymerase and rifamycin blocks the synthesis of simple RNA polymerase |
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Term
| Which type of bond is used for fatty acid attachment in the domain archaea? |
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Definition
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Term
| An ester bond is used in which type of domain(s)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which domain is said to be the oldest? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what antibacterial treatment is bacteria made, but the cell wall is weakened? |
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Definition
| pennicilin; it works by weakening the peptidoglycan from forming. |
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Term
| What is the name of the segments of living cells in between dead cells in oscillatoria |
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Definition
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