Term
| Bacteria are ___ micro-organisms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacteria contain single circular |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacteria contain a __ wall |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacteria are organisms with ___ ribosomes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lacking cell wall, flexible cell wall, rigid cell wall |
|
|
Term
| Organisms that lack a cell wall will not stain with ___ stain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This is an example of a microorganism that lacks a cell wall. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE causes___ |
|
Definition
| atypical “walking” pneumonia. |
|
|
Term
| As a result of lacking a cell wall mycoplasma pneumoniae will not stain with the __ stain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| __ are microbes tthat have a flexible cell wall |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spirochetes are faintly gram __ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spirochetes are best stained with the ___ stain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the three spirochete diseases |
|
Definition
weil disease
lyme disease
syphillus |
|
|
Term
| This bacteria with a flexible cell wall causes weil disease which presents with jaundice and hemorrhage. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This bacteria with a flexible cell wall causes lyme disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lyme disease presents with |
|
Definition
erythema migrans (bulls eye rash)
joint pains |
|
|
Term
| The vector of lyme disease is from a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This bacteria with a flexible cell wall causes relapsing fever from ticks, lice and rabbits |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This bacteria with a flexible cell wall causes syphilis which presents with a painless genital ulcer (chancre) |
|
Definition
| TREPONEMA PALLIDUM (spirochetes) |
|
|
Term
| Secondary syphillis is characterized by these 3 things |
|
Definition
generalized maculopapular rash
genital warts (condylomata lata)
generalized lymphadenopathy |
|
|
Term
| Latent stage of syphillis is ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The tertiary phase of syphillis is characterized by damage to the nervous system with these 6 things. |
|
Definition
TAA
argyll robertsons pupil
gummas
charcots joint
generalized paralysis of the insane
tabes dorsalis |
|
|
Term
| The majority of bacteria have __ cell walls |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| There are a few bacteria that can't exist on their own because they can't make there own ATP and these are called ___ |
|
Definition
| obligate intracellular disease |
|
|
Term
| 3 obligate intracellular diseases are |
|
Definition
| Rickets, Chlamydia, Bartonella Henselae |
|
|
Term
| This bacteria with a rigid cell wall causes bird fancier’s disease characterized by cough and fever. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This bacteria with a rigid cell wall causes trachoma characterized by blindness and chronic disease. |
|
Definition
| CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS TYPE A, B AND C |
|
|
Term
| This bacteria with a rigid cell wall causes reiter’s syndrome. |
|
Definition
| CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS TYPE D-K |
|
|
Term
| 15. Reiter’s syndrome causes these 3 conditions. |
|
Definition
| 1) CONJUNCTIVITIS, 2) URETHRITITS, 3) ARTHRITIS |
|
|
Term
| 16. This bacteria causes lymphogranuloma venereum which is characterized by a transient genital ulcer followed by draining buboes. |
|
Definition
| CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS TYPE L1-L3 |
|
|
Term
| 17. This bacteria with a rigid cell wall causes rocky mountain spotted fever. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 18. What is the vector for the spread of rocky mountain spotted fever? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 19. This bacteria with a rigid cell wall cause epidemic typhus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 20. What is the vector for the spread of epidemic typhus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 21. This bacteria with a rigid cell wall causes murine endemic typhus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 22. What is the vector for murine endemic typhus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 23. This bacteria with a rigid cell wall causes trench fever. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 24. What is the vector for trench fever. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 25. This bacteria with a rigid cell wall causes scrub typhus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 26. What is the vector for scrub typhus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 27. This bacteria with a rigid cell wall causes cat-scratch disease. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 28. This is a species of bacteria that is made up of gram positive, catalase positive bacteria that occur in bunches like grapes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 29. Staphylococcus aureus grows as _____ colonies on _____ culture. |
|
Definition
| GOLDEN COLONIES; BLOOD AGAR CULTURE |
|
|
Term
| 30. Staphylococcus aureus causes these 6 diseases. |
|
Definition
| 1) SCALDED SKIN SYNDROME, 2) TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME, 3) INPETIGO, 4) OSTEOMYELITIS, 5) CARBUNCLES, 6) ACUTE BTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS |
|
|
Term
| 31. _____ is the common cause of UTI in teenagers due to the lack of nitrates in the urine. |
|
Definition
| STAPHYLOCOCCUS SAPROPHYTICUS |
|
|
Term
| 32. This group of bacteria are gram positive, catalase negative bacteria that occur in strips. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 33. _____ is a lancefield group A beta-hemolytic diplococci. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 34. These 5 conditions are caused by streptococcus pyogenes. |
|
Definition
| 1) RHEUMATIC FEVER, 2) IMPETIGO, 3) ERYSIPELAS, 4) GLOMERULONEPHRITIS, 5) SCARLET FEVER |
|
|
Term
| 35. This is an example of an alpha hemolytic streptococcus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 36. _____ causes dental cavities and affects damages heart valves (SBE). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 37. This is an example of an alpha-hemolytic streptococcus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 38. 4 diseases caused by streptococcus pneumoniae. |
|
Definition
| 1) MENINGITIS, 2) OTITIS MEDIA, 3) PNEUMONIA ASSOCIATED WITH RUST COLORED SPUTUM, 4) SINUSITIS |
|
|
Term
| 39. This is an example of a lancefield group B Beta hemolytic cocci found in the vagina of female carriers. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 40. Streptococcus agalactiae causes _____ and _____ in the newborn. |
|
Definition
| MENINGITIS AND SEPTICEMIA |
|
|
Term
| 41. this is an example of a gram negative intracellular diplococci. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 42. Neisseria gonorrhoeae grows on _____ agar and is _____ fermenting. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 43. 3 conditions caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. |
|
Definition
| 1) GONORRHEA, 2) SEPTIC ARTHRITIS, 3) OPTHALMIA NEONATORUM |
|
|
Term
| 44. This is a gram negative diplococcic that causes meningitis and meningococcemia. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 45. Neisseria meningitidis grows in _____ agar and is _____ and _____ fermenting. |
|
Definition
| THAYER-MARTIN AGAR; MALTOSE AND GLUCOSE |
|
|
Term
| 46. _____ is an example of a faintly gram stainable bacteria due to a thick waxy wall of mycolic acid. |
|
Definition
| MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS |
|
|
Term
| 47. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is grown on this medium. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 48. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is stained with _____ stain and causes _____. |
|
Definition
| ZIEHL NEELSEN STAIN; TUBERCULOSIS |
|
|
Term
| 49. _____ is a bacteria that is only grown in armadillos and on the foot pads of suckling mice. It attacks the skin and peripheral nerves and causes leprosy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 50. All bacilli are gram native except these 4 bacilli which are gram positive. |
|
Definition
| 1) BACILLUS, 2) CLOSTRIDIUM, 3) CORYNEBACTERIUM, 4) LISTERIA |
|
|
Term
| 51. _____ is a spore forming rod that causes woolsorters disease and malignant pustules. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 52. Bacillus anthrasis causes _____ which is a lung infection spread by inhalation. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 53. Bacillus anthrasis causes _____ which is a skin infection that leads to bacteremia and death. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 54. _____is a bacteria that causes food poisoning from eating contaminated fried rice. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 55. _____ is a gram positive bacteria that causes botulism due to improperly canned foods and honey in infants. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 56. Clostridium botulinum causes botulism due to a preformed toxin that blocks _____ release. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 57. The botulism caused by clostridium botulinum leads to these 3 conditions. |
|
Definition
| 1) DIPLOPIA, 2) DYSPHAGIA, 3) FLACCID PARALYSIS |
|
|
Term
| 58. Is a gram positive bacteria that causes pseudomembranous colitis after the use of antibiotics that kill off the normal flora in the gut. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 59. _____ is a gram positive bacteria that causes tetanus through the use of terminal spores. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 60. Clostridium tetani causes tetanus through an exotoxin that affects the _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 61. Tetanus is characterized by both _____ and _____. |
|
Definition
| MUSCLE SPASMS AND LOCK JAW (TRISMUS) |
|
|
Term
| 62. _____ causes gas gangrene following infection of deep puncture wounds. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 63. Clostridium perfringens produces _____ which causes _____. |
|
Definition
| LECITHINASE; MUSCLE NECROSIS WITH BUBBLES |
|
|
Term
| 64. _____ is a gram positive bacteria that causes diphtheria caused by club-shaped bacilli. It leads to a grey pseudo-membrane in the throat causing suffocation. |
|
Definition
| CORYNEBACTERIUM DIPHTHERIAE |
|
|
Term
| 65. When one is infected with corynebacterium diphtheria/diphtheria the _____ test is positive. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 66. _____ is the only gram positive bacteria that produces an endotoxin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 67. _____ is a bacteria found in unpasteurized milk and cheese that causes meningitis in neonates due to vaginal transmission at birth. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 68. _____ is a gran negative enteric bacilli that is urease positive and produces ammonia to neutralize gastric acid leading to gastric and duodenal ulcers. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 69. _____ is a gram negative enteric bacilli that causes fever, diarrhea, and blood and pus in stool. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 70. _____ is a gram negative enteric bacilli that caused the bubonic plague (black death). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 71. What is the vector that spreads Yersinia pestis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 72. _____ is an example of a gram negative enteric bacilli that causes food poisoning 1-2 days after ingestion. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 73. _____ is a non-lactose fermenting enteric bacillus that causes bloody diarrhea (dysentery). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 74. _____ is a non-lactose fermenting motile enteric bacillus transmitted by food, fingers, feces, and flies. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 75. 4 disorders caused by salmonella typhi. |
|
Definition
| 1) THYPHOID FEVER, 2) STEP-LADDER FEVER, 3) DIARRHEA, 4) ROSE SPOTS ON THE ABDOMEN |
|
|
Term
| 76. _____ is a lactose fermenting catalase positive enteric bacillus that is the main cause of traveler’s diarrhea. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 77. E.coli contains the _____, _____and _____ antigens. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 78. _____ can cause hemolytic uremic syndrome that causes liver and kidney failure. It is found mainly in contaminated hamburger meat. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 79. _____ is a urea splitting, maltose fermenting enteric bacillus that causes urinary tract infections. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 80. _____ is a bacteria that causes nosocomial infections leading to UTI. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 81. Serratia marcescens causes _____ in wounds. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 82. _____ is a gram negative lactose fermenting enteric bacillus that causes pneumonia and lung abscess in alcoholics and UTI in diabetics. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 83. Klebsiella pneumonia causes _____ sputum when it causes pneumonia. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 84. _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that causes whooping cough. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 85. _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that causes tularemia or rabbit fever. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 86. _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that causes brucellosis or undulant fever from infected cows, goats, or swine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 87. _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that causes lung infections from contaminated air-conditioning. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 88. _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that is non-lactose fermenting and oxidase positive. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 89. Pseudomonas aerogenosa causes _____ pus in infected burns. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 90. Pseudomonas aerogenosa causes bue-green pus due to _____ (blue) and _____ (green) pigments. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 91. Pseudomonas aerogenosa causes these 4 conditions. |
|
Definition
| 1) PNEUMONIA, 2) SEPSIS, 3) EXTERNAL OTITIS, 4) DRUG USE OSTEOMYELITIS |
|
|
Term
| 92. _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that causes conjunctivitis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 93. _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that causes chancroid characterized by yellow painful genital sores. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 94. _____ is a gram negative non-enteric bacilli that causes pneumonia, epiglottitis, croup, and meningitis in children. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 95. _____is a gram negative enteric organism that is comma shaped and causes cholera. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 96. Vibrio cholera produces a _____ which stimulates _____ which in turn greatly increases fluid secretion from the gut resulting in severe diarrhea with rice water stools, and rapid dehydration. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 97. Many bacteria produce toxins or poisons which enhance their virulence. The 2 types of toxins bacteria are capable of producing are _____and _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 98. _____ are produced and not secreted from dead gram negative bacteria. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 99. Endotoxins are derived from the _____ found in the cell walls of gram negative bacteria. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 100. When endotoxins are released in the host, it causes system wide effects such as _____ and _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 101. _____ are produced by live gram positive or negative bacteria. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 102. Endotoxins are _____secreted by bacteria. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 103. 2 antigenic properties of exotoxins. |
|
Definition
| 1) WHEN DENATURED FORMS A TOXOID, 2) TOXOIDS ARE RECOGNIZED TO STIMULATE IMMUNITY |
|
|
Term
| 104. This is the toxin released when one has tetanus that targets the nerve fibers. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 105. This is the toxin released when one has botulism that targets the muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 106. This is the toxin released when one has diphtheria that targets connective tissue. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 107. _____ is a bacterial classification of bacteria that cannot live without oxygen. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 108. 3 different types of obligate aerobes. |
|
Definition
| 1) PSEUDOMONAS, 2) BACILLUS, 3) MYCOBACTERIUM |
|
|
Term
| 109. This is a bacterial classification of bacteria that can survive without oxygen. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 110. _____ is an example of an obligate anaerobe. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 111. This is a bacterial classification of bacteria that can live without oxygen but prefers oxygen. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 112. 2 examples of facultative anaerobes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 113. _____is a class of bacteria that likes warm temperatures (45-90C). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 114. _____ are bacteria that like cold temperatures (0-20C). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 115. _____ are bacteria hat like a moderate temperature. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 116. _____ fever is caused by coxiella vurnetti via unpasteurized milk from infected cattle or by aerosol spread. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 117. _____ fever is caused by rickettsia rickettsia. |
|
Definition
| ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER |
|
|
Term
| 118. _____ fever is caused by rickettsia Quintana. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 119. _____ fever is caused by borrelia recurrentis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 120. _____ fever is caused by francisella tularemia. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 121. _____ fever is caused by brucella abortus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 122. _____ and _____ fevers are caused by streptococcus pyogenes. |
|
Definition
| RHEUMATIC FEVER AND SCARLET FEVER |
|
|
Term
| 123. _____ causes food poisoning 2-4 hours after ingestion through the release of a preformed enterotoxin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 124. _____ causes food poisoning 6-8 hours after ingestion through the release of a preformed enterotoxin. Causes a rapid onset of symptoms consisting of vomiting followed by flaccid paralysis, diplopia, and dysphagia. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 125. _____ causes food poisoning 10-12 hours after ingestion through a preformed enterotoxin. Causes a rapid onset of symptoms that include vomiting and diarrhea. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 126. _____ causes vomiting and diarrhea 12-24 hours after ingestion. Causes fever through the release of a heat resistant toxin produced after the bacteria colonize in the gut. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 127. _____ causes fever, vomiting, and diarrhea 1-7 days after ingestion. It is the most common cause of food poisoning. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 128. _____ causes vomiting and diarrhea 1-10 days after ingestion through a toxin formed after the bacteria colonize in the gut. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 129. _____ causes traveler’s diarrhea. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 130. _____ causes hiker’s diarrhea. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 131. _____ causes bacillary dysentery. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 132. _____ causes amebic dysentery. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 133. _____ causes childhood dysentery. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 134. _____ is the most common cause of infantile gastroenteritis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 135. _____ is the most common cause of meningitis in neonates. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 136. _____ is the most common cause of meningitis in children. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 137. _____ is the most common cause of meningitis in the elderly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 138. _____is the most common cause of meningitis in HIV/AIDS patients. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 139. 5 bacterial causes of atypical pneumonia. |
|
Definition
| 1) MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE, 2) CHLAMYDIA PNEUMONIAE, 3) CHLAMDIA PSITTACI, 4) LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILIA, 5) COXIELLA BURNETTI |
|
|
Term
| 140. _____ is the most common cause of osteomyelitis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 141. _____ is the most common sexually transmitted cause of osteomyelitis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 142. _____ is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in drug addicts. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 143. _____ is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in those with sickle cell disease. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 144. _____ is a gram negative, enteric, lactose fermenting, non-motile bacillus that causes UTI’s. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 145. Klebsiella pneumonia is _____ positive. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 146. _____ is a gram negative, enteric, lactose fermenting bacillus that is the most common cause of UTI’s. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 147. E coli is _____ positive and contains a _____ which converts urinary nitrate into nitrite. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 148. _____ is a gram positive, catalase negative, glucose fermenting cause of UTI’s. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 149. _____ is a gram negative enteric maltose fermenting bacillus that cause UTI’s. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 150. Proteus miabilis is _____ and _____ positive. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 151. _____ is a gram positive, coagulase negative coccus, that is the most common cause of UTI in young sexually active females. |
|
Definition
| STAPHYLOCOCCUS SAPROPHYTICUS |
|
|
Term
| 152. How do medications such as penicillin, ampicillin, and cephalosporin kill bacteria? |
|
Definition
| THEY BLOCK CELL WALL SYNTHESIS BY INHIBITING PEPTODOGLYCAN CROSS-LINKING |
|
|
Term
| 153. How does vancomycin kill bacteria? |
|
Definition
| IT BLOCKS CELL WALL SYNTHESIS BY INHIBITING PEPTIDOGLYCAN SYNTHESIS |
|
|
Term
| 154. How do medications such as bacitracin and polymyxin kill bacteria? |
|
Definition
| THEY CAUSE CELL WALL DAMAGE |
|
|
Term
| 155. How do medications such as sulfonamides and trimethoprim kill bacteria? |
|
Definition
| BLOCKS NUCLEOTIDE SYNTHESIS ACTING AS ANTIMETABILITES |
|
|
Term
| 156. How do medications such as metronidazole and quinolones kill bacteria? |
|
Definition
| THEY PREVENT DNA REPLICATION |
|
|
Term
| 157. How does rifampicin kill bacteria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 158. How do chloramphenicol and clindamycin kill bacteria? |
|
Definition
| THEY BLOCK PROTEIN SYNTHESIS BY ACTING ON THE 50S RIBOSOME |
|
|
Term
| 159. Ho do tetracycline, streptomycin and neomycin kill bacteria? |
|
Definition
| THEY BLOCK PROTEIN SYNTHESIS ACTING ON THE 30S RIBOSOME |
|
|
