Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| psychological motivation for personal accomplishment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tests that measure the amount of specific material remembered from the classroom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| glands that secreated adrenaline, which stirs up the body, changing the breathing, perspiration, heart rate, and soon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| psychological motivation for belonging to and identifying with groups |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the fear of leaving a familiar environment, especially home |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| believes that between the stimulus and the response there is an "inner person" that can analyze a situation and make decisions. observational learning. T.V. aggression experiment. congative psych - decided that thoughts were important. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| originally, close associate of Freud's. also, opposed to Freud's ideas. people are primarily social creatures. motivated by social interests and goals. stressed importance of conscious not unconscious. reverse iceberg. studied birth order. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stage 1, fairly relaxed brain waves occurring just before going to sleep; relaxed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a dissociative disorder in which traumatic events "disappear" from memory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Freudian stage of development during which toilet training is the child's major concern |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| male hormones that control sexual interest in both male and females |
|
|
Term
| Antisocial Personality Disorder |
|
Definition
| a personalty disorder in which the person is in constant conflict with the law and seems to have no conscience |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a generalized feeling of apprehension and pending disaster |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disorder whose major symptom is anxiety |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| psychological motivation for obtaining other people's food opinion of ones self |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tests that measure one's special skills |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Jung's term for inherited universal human concepts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| best known behaviorist. Skinner box - operant. reinforcements/punishments. no free will in behavior. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a personality theory that focuses on overt acts or behaviors rather than on consciousness or unconsciousness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of the Hierarchy: friendship, closeness with another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rapid brain waves; appear when a person is awake |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| internal chemical units that control regular cycles in parts of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a disorder with up and sown swings of moods from "high" to "low" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the amount of sugar contained in the blood, which indicates the level of hunger |
|
|
Term
| Borderline Personality Disorder |
|
Definition
| personality disorder marked by unstable emotions and relationships, dependency, and manipulative self-destructive behavior |
|
|
Term
| California Psychological Inventory |
|
Definition
| personality inventory most often used in schools |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the bodily reaction and the emotional response occur at the same time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| created analytical psychology. emphasized the importance of goals and the influence of ancestral past. deemphasized sexual determinants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| goal of pperson's develpoment was too reach their "ideal self". biggest problem. things that help/hinder are parents, friends, spouse. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of schizophrenia characterized by disturbances of movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reinforcing the connection between different parts of a sequence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of forces that control the body at different times during the day, month, or year |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sequences of behavioral changes that occur every 24 hours |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| psychotic speech in which words are rhymed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ivan Pavlov's method of conditioning in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a learned, neutral stimulus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cognitive Approach to Learning |
|
Definition
| a way of learning based on abstract mental processes and previous knowledge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a mental image of where one is located in space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Jung's term for the portion of a person that contains ideas shared by the whole human race |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a symbolic, ritualized behavior that a person must keep acting out in order to avoid anxiety |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a response to a stimulus that is brought about by learning - for example salivating to the word pickle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a previously neutral stimulus that has been associated with a natural (or unconditioned) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| making an association between two events by repeated exposure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the awareness of , or the possibility of knowing, what is happening inside or outside the organism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a concept requiring a belief in something that cannot be seen or touched, but seems to exist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the satisfaction obtained from pleasant, soft stimulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| each time a behavior occurs, reinforcement is given |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disorder in which a seriousness psychological trauma is changed into a symbolic physical dysfunction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a drive that moves a person to see new and different things |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| slow, lazy, deep-sleep brain waves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a belief in something that is not true |
|
|
Term
| Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV |
|
Definition
| a book that classifies the symptoms of mental problems into formal categories |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Learning to tell the difference between one event or object and another; the reverse of generalization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disorders in which a part of one's life becomes disconnected from other parts; amnesia, fugue, and dissociative identity disorder are examples |
|
|
Term
| Dissociative Identity Disorder |
|
Definition
| condition in which a person divides himself or herself into two or more separate personalities that can act independently |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the brain chemical present in excess in schizophrenics, which causes nerve cells to fire too rapidly and leads to thought and speech confusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| forces that push and organism into action to reach a goal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the "self" that allows controlled id expression within the boundaries of the superego |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a state of the body causing feeling of hope, love, fear, and so on |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of altering the free running cycle to fit a different cycle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Psychosocial development. 8 stages based on Freud's stages but extended through out the entire life. |
|
|
Term
| Erikson's Stages of Psychological Development |
|
Definition
| Trust - 0-1 - if infants are well cared for, they will develop faith in the future. Autonomy - 1-2 - here children learn self-control and self-assertion. Initiative - 2-5 - when children begin to make their own decisions. industry - 5-puberty - children master skills and take pride in their competence. identity - teenagers try to develop their own separate identity while fitting in with their friends. intimacy - early adulthood - people secure their one identity can proceed to an intimate partnership in which they make compromises for another. generativity - middle age - people who become stagnated are absorbed in themselves and try to hang on to the past. integrity - later adulthood - some people look back over life with a sense of satisfaction and accept both good and bad. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hormone that controls the female reproductive cycle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the gradual loss of an association over time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| seeking a reward from outside the organism for a certain behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a reinforcement is received after a fixed amount of time has passed if the desired act occurs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reinforcement occurs after the desired act is preformed a specific number of times |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a confused state in which thought and speech go in all directors wit no unifying concept |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Freudian process in which the person says everything that appears in images seem unconnected |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cycles set up by biological clocks that are under their own control, ignoring the environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the condition of having amnesia for one's current life and starting a new one somewere else |
|
|
Term
| Fully Functioning Individual |
|
Definition
| Rodger's term for someone who had become what he or she should be |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a behavior that spreads from one situation to a similar one |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Freudian stage of development during which the individual seeks an appropriate material partner and earlier conflicts reappear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| seeing or hearing something that is not present |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the situation where a person who has one positive characteristic is assumed to have other positive traits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contact comfort - food monkey mother and soft monkey mother |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a system that ranks needs one above the other with the most basic needs for physical survival at the bottom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| processes of maintaining a balanced internal state |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a personality theory that places emphasis on the positive potential of the person |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a state of relaxation in which attention is focused on certain oobjects, acts, or feelings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disorder characterized by feeling excessive concern about one's health and exaggerating the seriousness of minor physical complaints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a part of the inner brain that controls such basic needs and desires as pleasure, pain, fear, rage, hunger, thirst, and sex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Freudian psychological unit containing our basic needs and drives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rodger's term for the goal of each person's development perfection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| also called a night terror, a horrible dream occurring during NREM when the body is not prepared for it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the inability to get enough sleep |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| seeking satisfaction that comes from within the individual for certain behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| classical conditioning - Pavlov's dogs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| for emotion, first the body responds, then one feels emotion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| operant conditioning - Little Albert - stimulus generalization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emphasized social relationships between young children and parents. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Freudian stage of development during which the child's earlier conflicts are hidden or go below the surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Freudian term for internal energy forced that continuously seek discharge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| latest version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, the most widely used personality inventory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| am extremely low emotional state, sever depression; involves loss of appetite, lack of energy, hopelessness, and suicidal thoughts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a mood disorder involving extreme agitation, restlessness, rapid speech, and trouble concentrating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a drive that moves a person to handle and use objects in the environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| worked for Watson, wanted to know if it was possible to reverse the effects of Little Albert, found "Peter" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a form of self-control in which the outside world is cut off from consciousness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bandura's term for learning by imitating others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a category of mental disorder characterizes by one's emotional state; includes depression and mania |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the drive to seek a goal, such as food, water, friends, and so on |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| non-rapid eye movement sleep; sleep involving partial thoughts , images, or stories, poor organization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disorder in which a person falls instantly into sleep no matter what is going on in the environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| strengthening a response by following it with taking away or avoiding something unpleasant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Those psychoanalysts who broke away from Freud to emphasize social forces in the unconscious |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| frightening dream during REM |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| patterns of test answers from different types of people |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a form of social learning in which the organism observes and imitates the behavior of others |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an endless preoccupation with an urge or thought |
|
|
Term
| Obsessive-compulsive Disorder |
|
Definition
| having continued thoughts (obsession) about preforming a certain act over ad over (compulsion) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| conditioning that results from one's actions and the consequences they cause |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Freudian stage of development during which feeding and weaning are the child's main issues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the female sex glands; make eggs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of anxiety disorder in which one cannot relax and is plagued by frequent and overwhelming attacks of anxiety |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| schizophrenia marked by strong feeling of suspiciousness and persecution |
|
|
Term
| Partial Reinforcement Schedule |
|
Definition
| reinforcement is not given each time the act is preformed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Jung's term for a "mask" people wear to hide what they really are or feel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a person's broad, long-lasting patterns of behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a disorder in which the person had formed a peculiar or unpleasant personality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a list of items about a person's beliefs, habits, hopes, needs, and desires |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the more or less permanent personality characteristics that an individual has |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Freudian stage of development during which the child experiences romantic interest in the opposite sex parent and hostility toward the same-sex parent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a type of anxiety disorder in which a person becomes disabled and overwhelmed by fear in the presence of certain objects or events. examples include specific phobia and agoraphobia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the bottom of the hierarchy; thirst and hunger |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the controller of other glands and hormones, as well as the producer of its own hormone that regulates growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Strengthening the tenancy to repeat a response by following it with the addition of something pleasant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| something necessary for psychological/ physical survival that is used as a reward |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tests measuring inner feeling elicited by a vague stimulus, such as an ink blot or unclear picture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a theory that personality is based on impulses and needs in the unconscious |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| objective measures of what people know, how they act, think, and feet, and what their goals are |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sever mental disorder involving major problems with emotional responses, disorganized thought processes, and distorted perceptions of the world |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| periods of psychotic behavior that can alternate with periods of relative coherence and calm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of weakening a response by following it with unpleasant consequences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increase in the number of dreams after being deprived of them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rapid eye movement sleep when we dream |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| something that follows a response and strengthens the tenancy to repeat that response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| events that strengthen a behavior by bringing the desired results |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| whether test results are consistent over time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of pushing the needs and desires that cause guilt into the unconscious |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a unit of the inner brain that regulates and controls activity level, increases excitement, and helps generate sleep |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the situation where a person with one negative characteristic is assumed to have other negative traits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ink blot projective test developed by Hermann Rorschach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of Marlow's: shelter, nest egg of money |
|
|
Term
| Schacher's Cognitive Theory |
|
Definition
| we label a bodily response by giving it the name of an emotion we think we are feeling |
|
|
Term
| Schedules of Reinforcement |
|
Definition
| different methods of reinforcing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the most serious mental disturbance, involving loss of contact wit reality, thought disorders, hallucinations, and delusions |
|
|
Term
| Scholastic Assessment Test |
|
Definition
| SAT, test designed to measure ability to do college work |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anything that comes to represent a primary reinforcer, such as money bringing food |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "forgetting" only things that are very traumatic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the top of the hierarchy: establishing meaningful goals and a purpose in life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Maslow's term for the state of having brought to life the full potential of our skills |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of the Hierarchy: licking and respecting yourself, feeling important and useful |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the brain chemical that in excess leads to mania; in too low concentrations, it leads to depression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of gradually refining a response by successfully reinforcing closer approximations of it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| created psychoanalysis. thought that personality was developed by age 6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of looking at how the circumstances surrounding an event influence people responding to that event |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breathing stoops while someone is asleep |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all learning that occurs in a social situation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| same as antisocial personality disorder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition in which psychological issue are expressed in bodily symptoms in the absence of any real physical problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a major anxiety that arises when faced whit a specific object or situation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| clear directions for taking, scoring, and interpreting a test |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| doing or wearing something that is so startling it detracts from one's real abilities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anything that elicits a responce |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a response spread from one specific stimulus to other stimuli that resemble the original |
|
|
Term
| Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory |
|
Definition
| the most widely used interest test, based on the answers of people successful in certain fields |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consciousness just below our present awareness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Freudian psychological unit roughly synonymous with the conscience |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thematic Apperception Test, a projective test using unclear pictures about which people make up stories |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the male sex glands; make sperm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a seriousness distortion of the ability to think or speak in a lucid and coherently way |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anther word for the state of deep relaxation that can occur during hypnosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relaxed state just before we fall asleep |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an automatic response to a particular natural stimulus, such as salivation to meat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a stimulus that automatically elicits a response, such as meat causing salivation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thoughts or desires about which we can have no direct knowledge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| according to psychoanalytic belief, the psychological part of us that contains childhood conflicts we are unaware of but continue to control our behavior |
|
|
Term
| Undifferentiated Schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| schizophrenia that lacks any distinguishing symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| whether a test measures what it is supposed to measure |
|
|
Term
| Variable Interval Schedule |
|
Definition
| reinforcement occurs after varying amounts of time if a desired act occurs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reinforcement occurs after a desired behavior occurs, but a different number of the desired acts is required each time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a test that attempt to predict a good occupational area for an individual |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| speech in which words are mixed together incoherently |
|
|
