Term
|
Definition
| weight bearing portion; larger in lower regions to bear more weight |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| spinous and transverse processes |
|
Definition
| sites of muscle attachments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| forms joints with articulr processes of adjacent vertebrae; restricts movement of vertebral column |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| btwn all vert.; spinal nerves exist to the right and left; above and below the pedicles of each vertebra a notch is carved out that allows for this passage; with adjacent vertebrae, notches align to form intervertebral foramen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| C1; no body; articulates with skull; movemet is sagittal plane (yes move); |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| C2; has projection called dense/odontoid process that fits into large foramen of C1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| projection of axis that fits into vertebral foramen of C1; prevents C1 from slipping posteriorly; allows rotation (no movement) btwn C1 and 2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Remaining cervical vertebrae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vertebra prominens b/c of long spinous process; some c7 have short "cervical ribs" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 12; has costal facets where costovertebral joints are formed on the body of the vertebrae and on the transverse process; has a downwar sloping spinous process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| found on thoracic vertebrae ; arecartilagious pads; where costovertebral joints are formed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 5; largest vertebrae; support large amt of weight; no articulation with ribs and have strong, stout transverse and spinous processes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 5 fused vertebral bodies; superior aspet contans artcular proccesses that connect sacrum to L5; |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where the spinous processes fused on the sacrum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fused transverse processes of sacrum; "wings" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vertebral foramen of the sacrum; where spinal nerves travel |
|
|
Term
| anterior and posterior sacral foramina |
|
Definition
| anteriorly and posteriorly, where branches of spinal nerves exit sacrum; 5 pairs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| three to five tail vertebrae fused at the tip of the sacrum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
manubrium
body
xiphoid process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| forms a joint with clavicle; only articulation btwn axial skeleton and upper limb; most ribs attach directly or inderectly to sternum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| has a head for articulation with costal facet of a thoracic vertebral body; head tapers to a neck; tubercle present that articulates with the costal facet of a thoracic vertebra's transverse process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ribs terminate in a costal cartilage that spans the gapt to te sternum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ribs 1-7 articulate directly (via own costal cartilage) with sternum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 8-12 do not directly attach to sternum; some connect to other costal cartilages while others do not connect to sternum at all; ribs11-12 are floating ribs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| form where adjacent bones fuse during development; squamous, coronal, sagittal, lamboid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of ethmoid bone that allows sensory nerves from sense of smell to pass into cranial cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| center of skull; houses pituitary gland and sphenoid sinus; forms pterygoid processes for attachment of jaw muscles, and borders the orbit, cranial, and nasal cavities; visible from nearly any internal or external view of the skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of sphenoid bone, "turkish saddle"; landmark that houses pituitary gland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brainstem exits skull at tis largest formen of the skull |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hole that allows pasage of nerves from ear to brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eye, extranocular muscles, and associated neurovascular structures house in boney structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| maxillary and palatine bones |
|
Definition
hard palate of roof of mouth; palatine bones only small portion of hard palate--> maxilla forms most of hard palate (front part where teeth attach)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2 nasal cavities located beneath anterior part of brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nasal septum that separates the two nasal cavities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bony spirals that project into nasal cavities from their lateral walls; air that passes through ad over coils are humidified and warmed by increased surface area provided by conchae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small cavities in the bones surrounding nasal cavity; air-filled; lined with mucous membranes; sinuses are all connected to the nasal cavities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| masseter, temporalis, pterygoids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| responsible for closing jaws |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscle that move jaw from side to side |
|
|
Term
| facial expression muscles |
|
Definition
attach to skin rather tan bones;
frontalis
orbicularis
oculi
zygomaticus
orbicularis
oris
platysma
buccinator
sternocleidomastoid
occipitalis
trapezius |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles; innervated by cranial nerve XI, the accessory nerv; dif from other neck muscles in their embryologic origin so are always considered separately |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| trunkmuscles; control movements and posture in trunk, cervical, thoracic, and lumbar |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
located anterior to spinal cord;
1. prevertebral
2. ventral
3. lateral |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| axial muscle; located posterior to spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prevertebral muscles; ventral muscles; lateral muscles |
|
|
Term
longus coli and longus capitis
(neck muscles) |
|
Definition
| coli= neck; capities=head; flex the cervical vertebrae and head; lie on the anterior surface of cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae |
|
|
Term
ventral muscles/strap muscles
(neck muscles) |
|
Definition
| anterior to organs of neck; aka infrahyoid muscles; move hyoid and larynx during swallowing movements |
|
|
Term
lateral muscles/scalene muscles
(neck muscles) |
|
Definition
| extends to first two ribs and stabilizes the thoracic cage during forced breathing; laterally flex neck |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prevertebral; ventral; lateral |
|
|
Term
| prevertebral muscles (thorax): longus coli |
|
Definition
| begin in thorax; most of its vertebrae do not have prevertebral muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| missing from thorax of most humans; small percent of humans have muscles running vertically over sternum |
|
|
Term
| lateral muscles (thorax):intercostal muscles |
|
Definition
| deep to superficial, these are the transversus thoracis muscles, internal intercostals and the external intercostals; even more superficial are serratus muscles; serratus posterior muscles assist in ventilating lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prevertebral: psoas major -- lies along ventral surface of lumbar vertebrae, extends past hip to femur, where it moves hip joint
ventral muscles: rectus abdominis -- large ventral muscle that flexes vertebral column(as when doing situps)
lateral muscles: fibers of this muscles run in same idrection of comparable muscles in thorax; deep to superficial, muscles include transversus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique; help twist lower trunk and compress contents to build intraabdominal pressure (eg sneezing, coughing, pooping) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
epaxial muscles nestled close to the spinal column; extend from sacrum to head and made of two groups
1. transversespinalis group- lies just lateral to spinous processes of vertebrae; span two vert and mostly rotate spine and maintain posture
2. erector spinae-- more superficial; consists of muscles spannig several vertebrae and are major extensors of the spinal column |
|
|
