Term
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Definition
Temporalis:
Action: Elevates mandible during mastication |
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Term
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Definition
Masseter:
Action: Elevates mandible during chewing, smalls roles in protraction, retraction and lateral and medical excursion |
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Term
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Definition
Orbicularis Oris:
Action: Sphincter of eyelids, closes eye in squinting and sleep, aids in flow of tears across eyes |
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Term
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Definition
Levator Palpabrae Superioris:
Action: Elevates upper eyelid, opens eye |
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Term
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Definition
Orbicularis Oculi:
Action: Encircles mouth, closes lips, developed for speech |
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Term
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Definition
Platysma: (Most superficial)
Action: Draws lower lip and angle of mouth downward, may help open mouth widely |
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Term
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Definition
Sternocleidomastoid:
Origin: Manubrium of sternum, medial third of clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone
Action:
- Unilateral: Turns head to look over shoulder (opposite side muscle shortens)
- Bilateral: Draws head up and down |
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Term
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Definition
Scalenes (Anterior, Middle, Posterior):
Action: Bilateral contraction flexes neck, elevates ribs 1-2 to aid in breathing when spine is fixed |
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Term
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Definition
Digastric:
Action: Depresses mandible when hyoid is fixed, opens mouth widely, elevates hyoid when mandible is fixed |
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Term
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Definition
Stylohyoid:
Origin: Styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion: Hyoid
Action: Elevates and retracts hyoid |
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Term
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Definition
Mylohyoid:
Origin: Inferior margin of mandible
Insertion: Hyoid
Action: Forms floor of mouth, elevates floor when swallowing |
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Term
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Definition
Sternothyroid:
Origin: Manubrium, costal cartilage
Insertion: Thyroid cartilage
Action: Depresses larynx after swallowing and vocalization |
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Term
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Definition
Sternohyoid:
Action: Depresses hyoid |
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Term
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Definition
Omohyoid:
Action: Depresses hyoid |
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Term
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Definition
Thyrohyoid:
Action: Depresses hyoid |
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Term
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Definition
External Abdominal Obliques:
Action: Support viscera, stabilize vertebral column, maintain posture |
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Term
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Definition
Internal Abdominal Obliques:
Action: Support viscera, stabilize vertebral column, maintain posture, unilateral contraction for ipsilateral waist rotation |
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Term
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Definition
Transverse Abdominis:
Action: Compress abdominal contents, no vertebral movement contribution |
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Term
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Definition
External Intercostalis:
Action: Elevate and protract ribs 2-12 for inhalation |
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Term
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Definition
Internal Intercostalis:
Action: Elevates ribs for inhalation, depresses and retracts ribs for exhalation |
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Term
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Definition
Diaphragm:
Action: Prime mover of inspiration, compresses abdominal viscera and aids in childbirth and expulsion of waste |
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Term
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Definition
Rectus Abdominis:
Action: Flexes trunk, stabilizes pelvis during walking, compresses viscera |
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Term
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Definition
Linea Alba:
Action: Tendonous structure between xiphoid process and pubic symphysis, insertion or transverse abdominis |
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Term
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Definition
Intercostalis (Erector Spinae):
Action: Lateral flexion and extension of vertebral column, depression of ribs |
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Term
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Definition
Longissimus (Erector Spinae):
Action:
- Unilateral: Lateral flexion of vertebral column, head rotation
- Bilateral: Extension of vertebral column and head
- Depresses ribs |
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Term
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Definition
Spinalis (Erector Spinae):
Action:
- Unilateral: Lateral flexion of vertebral column
- Bilateral: Extension of vertebral column |
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