Term
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Definition
Evaluations of something exhibited in people's thoughts or behaviours.
Valence, intensity |
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Term
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Definition
| Afeect, Behaviour, Cognition- feel/behave/think positively/negatively |
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Term
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Definition
| ENDURING evaluations about GENERAL aspects of life. Can influence attitudes. |
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Definition
| Evaluate an attitude object along a number of dimensions |
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Term
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Definition
Wicker
Behaviour does not necessarily show attitude. |
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Term
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Definition
Don't always know what attitudes are- implicit vs explicit.
Salience determines awareness- high salience= behaviour more controlled.
If trait salient, more likely to behave that way. |
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Term
| The Theory of Planned Behaviour |
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Definition
Azjen and Fishbein
Attitude towards behaviour + Subjective norms + Perceived behavioural control= Intention= Behaviour.
*Addition: Implementation Intentions: transfer behavioural control to environment
ie- NOT 'I will do more work' but 'I will read this and this'
HELPS: egange in excercise -better memory -reduce unconscious racism -reduce effects of social anxiety |
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Term
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Definition
| Unconsciously evaluate our own behaviour to work out what our attitudes are. |
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Term
| Cognitive Dissonance Theory |
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Definition
| Behaviour can change attitudes if they are inconsistent. |
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Term
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Definition
ATTITUDE FUNCTIONS
1.Knowledge function 2.Utilitarian function 3.Value Expressive function 4.Ego-Defensive function |
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Term
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Definition
Consistent attitudes act as heuristics.
Attitudes as schemas |
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Term
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Definition
| Help us gain rewards and avoid punishments |
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Term
| Value Expressive Function |
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Definition
| Espress our more general values through specific attitudes |
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Term
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Definition
| Possitive attitude about selves (positive self esteem) can protect from anxiety. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Mere Exposure Effect: familiarity makes object more favourable 2. Social Learning: Aquiring attitudes from others. 3. Genetic tendencies 4. Attitude consistency and balance (Heider)- Gestalt- consistent attitudes are balanced and form a unit. Tend to form attitudes which are consistent with other objects
-NEED FOR KNOWLEDGE
-NEED TO AFFIRM |
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Term
| When do attitudes predict Behaviour? |
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Definition
-situational restraints
-time pressure
-competing attitudes/goals
-implicit/explicit attitudes |
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Term
| COGNITIVE DISSONANCE THEORY |
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Definition
Festinger
Dissonance between attitudes/ between attitude and behaviour.
Inconsistency - Tension - Result
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Term
| Cognitive Dissonance and Self- Esteem |
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Definition
-Induced Compliance: internalize attitude if can't justify behaviour (Festinger & Carlsmith study)
-Justification Effort: increase liking for something if have put a lot of effort into it. |
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