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Theory :
Atoms made of tiny, nindividable particles called attoms.
Atoms were nondividable, indestructible, findamental units of matter |
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Theory:
Elements are made of atoms: submicroscopic particples
All atoms in element are identical
Atoms of an element are different from other elements
Chemical reactions occur when atoms are Separated, Joined, or Rearranged
Atoms of one element never change chemically into other elements |
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Definition
Came up with theory of the atom
Knew previous info- pos and neg., subdivided- but theory was soup like- evenly distributed
Gold experiment- protons shot onto/through gold.
Some of the gold deflected at major angles and some shot back
Discovered the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
Pos. charged proton in small volume
electrons like mosquitos
nucleus is mega tiny
the nuclear charge holds in all together
no two electrons are the same |
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Definition
Number above the letter in table
Number of protons in nucleas, and # of electrons
Periodic table organized by atomic number
It's an exact value |
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1 proton= 1 amu
1 neutron = 1 amu
1 amu = 1/12 carbon 6 atom
1 proton = 2000 x electron mass |
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Definition
Fore any atom, mass number is
the sum of protons and neutrons in nucleus
Below the letter |
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Definition
Elements of Group 1A except hydrogen.
These are soft, shiny metals |
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Group 2A elements.
all give up 2 electrons |
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Definition
| The smallest particle of an element that retains the characteristics of the element |
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Definition
| The weighted average mass of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an element |
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Term
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Definition
A small mass unit used to describe the mass of very small particles such as atoms and subatomic particles.
1 amu = 1/12 mass of carbon-12 atom |
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Definition
| A number that is equal to the number of protons in an atom |
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Definition
| An abbreviation that represents the name of an element |
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Definition
a negatively charged subatomic particle having a very small mass that is usually ignored in calculations.
sumbol is e- |
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Definition
| The representation of an atom that shows valence electrons as dots around the symbol of the element |
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Term
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Definition
| level within the atom that contains electrons of a similar energy |
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Definition
| a vertical column in the periodic table that contains elements having similar physical and chemical properties |
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| a number that appears at the top pof each vertical column (group) in the periodic table and indicates the number of valence electrons |
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Definition
Group 7A
ELEMENTS OF FL, CL, BR, I, AT |
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Term
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Definition
| the energy needed to remove the least tightly bound electron from the outermost energy level of an atom |
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Definition
| an atom that differs only in mass number from another atom of the same element. Isotopes have the same atomic number (number of protons) but different number of neutrons |
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Definition
| the total number of neitrons and protons in the nucleus of an atom |
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| an element that is shiny, malleable, ductile, and a good conductor of heat and electricity. The metals are located to the left of the zigzag line in the periodic table |
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| Elements with properties of both metals and nonmetals located along the heavy zigzag line on the periodic table |
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Definition
| a neutral subatomic particle having a mass of 1 amu and found in the nucleus of an atom. It's symbol is n or n0 |
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| an element in group 8A of the periodic table, generally unreactive and seldom found in combination with other elements |
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Definition
an element with little or no luster that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity.
Located to RT of zigzag line in periodic table |
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| An abbreviation used to indicate the mass number and atomic number of an isotope |
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Definition
| compact, very dense center of an atom. Conatins protons and neutrons. |
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| horizontal row of elements |
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Definition
| Positively charged subatomic particle having a mass of 1 amu and found in the nucleus of an atom. Symbol is p or p+ |
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| found in groups 1a-8a- excluding groups 3-12 |
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| a particle within an atom. Inclludes protons, neutrons, and electrons |
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| an element within 2a and 3a |
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| electrons in the outermost energy level of an electron |
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14 on bottom. They belong on column 3
Ce-Lu |
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| Number of groups in periodic table |
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Definition
2 on left, 6 on right, 10 in middle, 14 on bottom
remember by prime numbers x 2:
1,3,5,7 |
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Definition
Br2 I2 N2 CL2 H2 O2 F2
unreacted and diatonic
can't be cut down to 1 atom |
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Definition
If it loses an electron in water, it's called an acid
If it loses an electron, it's a hydride |
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