The s oribtal is _____ shaped

the p oribtal is _____ shaped

 1 circle

3'dumbells' that are in the z,y,x

1.If the signs (+/-) of the atomic orbitals are the same then ____ forms

2.if the signs are different then ____ forms

1.bonding oribtal

2.antibonding oribtal

recall our oribtals:

s,p,d,f

how does a chemical bond form?

1. from the overlap of 2 half-filled oribtals

(most common)

2.from the overlap of a :

compleltely filled orbital & an empty  orbital.:

recall our oribtals:

s,p,d,f

why do the orbitals hybridize to form oribtals? 

Name the 3 hyberdized orbitals (most commonly delt with)

1. to achieve the lowest energy level  possible for that molecule .

(↓energy,↑stable).

(*oribtals are combined,no new orbitals,nothing destroyed)

2 .sp³, sp²,sp

sp3 molecules include what kind of bonds __________?

(single,double,triple)

sp2 molecules include what kind of bonds __________?

(single,double,triple)

1.  when the half filled  orbitals overlap side to side, (causing 2 parallel electron clould densities),

what special bonds  connects them?

allow for free rotation

b/c their electron density of the bonding oribitals accumulate in a single linear 

way btwn the nucleus.

the electron densities of these oribitals are parallel

(the pi bond would break if it tried to rotate).

Recall that pi bonds connect the unhybridized p oribitals

(recall sp2: 1s 2p, but leaves 1 orbital unhybridized),

=unbridized =higher energy=more unstable

triple bonds are made of

# pi

#sigma

2 pi

1 sigma

double bonds are made of

# pi

#sigma

1 pi

1 sigma